摘要
东亚干旱半干旱区(简称为“东亚旱区”)是全球干旱带的重要组成部分,该区域水资源短缺,沙尘暴频发,沙尘气溶胶对大气辐射收支和云微物理过程的影响不可忽视。本文回顾了近年来东亚旱区气溶胶及云相关科学问题的研究进展,重点讨论了气溶胶、云特性以及气溶胶-云相互作用问题。东亚旱区大气中的气溶胶以沙尘为主,且春季多于其他季节;同时,该区域云水资源丰富,且以高云为主,夏季云量显著偏多。沙尘气溶胶可直接影响辐射收支对大气产生加热作用,并通过间接和半直接效应对云微物理过程和降水产生影响。由于云微物理观测资料稀缺,加之模式参数化方案的不准确,导致东亚旱区沙尘气溶胶-云相互作用仍存在较大的不确定,减小气溶胶、云所带来的不确定性是未来气候变化研究中亟需解决的科学问题。
Arid and semi-arid regions of East Asia(“East-Asian drylands”)are the major components of the global arid areas,where water resources are scarce,and dust storms frequently occur.The effects of dust aerosols on atmospheric radiation budget and cloud microphysical processes are nonnegligible over there.By overviewing the research progress of aerosol-and cloud-related issues in the East-Asian drylands,the properties of aerosols and clouds,as well as aerosol-cloud interactions,are focused on in this paper.It is found that the aerosols in the East-Asian drylands are dominated by dust aerosols,with the highest optical thickness in spring.Meanwhile,the East-Asian drylands have abundant cloud water resources,which are predominated by high clouds,with higher cloudiness in summer.Dust aerosols can heat the atmosphere by the direct radiative effect and affect the cloud micro-physical processes and precipitation through indirect and semi-direct effects.Due to the limitation of scarce observations and incomplete parameterization in model simulation,there still exist large uncertainties in dust-cloud interactions over the East-Asian drylands.Therefore,reducing the contribution of aerosols and clouds to the uncertainties in climate change research has become an urgent scientific issue in future.
作者
刘玉芝
罗润
祝清哲
谭子渊
邵天彬
罗敏
周成龙
LIU Yuzhi;LUO Run;ZHU Qingzhe;TAN Ziyuan;SHAO Tianbin;LUO Min;ZHOU Chenglong(Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000)
出处
《气象科技》
2023年第1期124-133,共10页
Meteorological Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41991231、91937302)
兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2022-kb11)共同资助。
关键词
东亚旱区
气溶胶
云
气溶胶-云相互作用
East Asian drylands
aerosol
cloud
aerosol-cloud interactions
