摘要
【研究目的】为支撑海岸带生态保护修复,提出科学修复方案,需要掌握中国海岸自然演替总体规律和趋势。【研究方法】本文在系统梳理总结中国海岸演化相关成果的基础上,采用钻孔综合研究、遥感解译和ArcGIS空间分析等手段,定量重建了末次盛冰期以来的海岸演化过程。【研究结果】结果显示,近200多万年以来海水频繁进出中国海岸带地区,其中最后一次大规模海退-海侵发生在近20 ka以来,当时,中国海岸整体经历了末次盛冰期—中全新世早期的海侵、中全新世早期—1850年的海退、~1850年以来的海侵3个阶段。【结论】基于现有器测资料分析显示,中国乃至世界海岸未来将面临海面上升加快、海岸侵蚀加剧、风暴潮威胁增大的自然过程,这些将是海岸带生态保护修复面临的核心问题。有鉴于此,针对海岸带生态保护修复建议如下:一是顺应砂质岸线整体侵蚀的自然规律,将具有重要生态和/或经济价值的岸段作为修复重点,避免大规模过度修复。二是针对海面上升和海岸侵蚀对红树林生态空间的挤压,确定科学可行的修复目标。三是加强泥质沿海低地地区的生态化海堤建设。
This paper is the result of environmental geolgical survey engineering.[Objective] In order to support and provide a scientific plan for coastal ecological protection and restoration, it is necessary to figure out the laws and trend of natural coastal evolution processes. [Methods] Based on systematic collection and summarization of achievements on the evolution of the mainland coasts of China, combined with drilling cores comprehensive research, remote sensing interpreting and ArcGIS spatial analysis, the coastal history since the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) was quantitatively reconstructed. [Results] The results showed that seawater frequently entered and exited the coastal areas since 2 million years ago.The last large-scale transgression-regression occurred in the past 20 ka, which can be divided into three phases: the coasts experienced the LGM-early mid-Holocene transgression, the Early mid-Holocene-1850 CE regression, and a new transgression again since ca. 1850 CE. [Conclusions] According to the analyzed results of the existing instrumental data, the coasts of the Chinese mainland and the world will face accelerating sea-level rise, increasing coastal erosion, and increasing storm surge threats in the future, which will be a key issue of ecological protection and restoration. In view of this, the following suggestions are put forward for the ecological protection and restoration of the coastal zone: First, for sandy coasts, while following the overall natural erosion background, the appropriate restoration strategies should be applied to the shore section with important ecological and economic values, and to avoid large-scale over-repair;The second is to determine scientifically feasible restoration targets in view of the squeezing of the mangrove ecological space caused by sea level rise and coastal erosion;The third is to strengthen the construction of ecological seawalls in the muddy coastal lowland areas.
作者
王福
王宏
李建芬
汪翡翠
田立柱
于谦
黄昭权
方晶
胡云壮
肖国强
李畅
WANG Fu;WANG Hong;LI Jianfen;WANG Feicui;TIAN Lizhu;YU Qian;HUANG Zhaoquan;FANG Jing;HU Yunzhuang;XIAO Guoqiang;LI Chang(Tianjin Centre,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;Key Laboratory of Coast Geo-environment,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;North China Center of Geoscience Innovation,Tianjin 300170,China;School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008,Jiangsu,China;College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China;School of Geography and Environmental Science,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300382,China;Tianjin Chengjian University,Tianjin 300384,China)
出处
《中国地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期61-83,共23页
Geology in China
基金
中国地质调查局项目(DD20189506、DD20211301)
国家自然科学基金重大项目(42293261)联合资助。
关键词
海岸演化
海面
侵蚀
生态修复
环境地质调查工程
海岸带
中国
coastal evolution
sea level rise
erosion
ecological restoration
environmental geological survey engineering
coastal zone
China
