摘要
水压爆破降尘技术是矿山爆破开采过程中有效降低爆破粉尘浓度的手段之一。从爆破粉尘的产生及其特性、炮烟的产生及其特性、爆破粉尘及炮烟的运动规律等方面阐述了爆破粉尘及炮烟的扩散规律,从水压爆破降尘机理与影响因素、水炮泥配方研制及配比优化、水压爆破装药结构优化试验等方面介绍了节能高效环保水压爆破降尘技术研究现状,并对该技术的研究方向进行了展望:不同矿山的岩石性质差别较大,大多数水炮泥配方优化研究仅停留在实验阶段,需要获取更多的矿山爆破现场降尘数据来进行验证;水和多种材料组合制成的炮泥比单一材料制成的水炮泥降尘效果更好,但是每种材料的最佳堵塞长度等主要参数的研究需要更加深入;水压爆破降尘技术与其他降尘技术相结合是进一步降低采场粉尘浓度的关键方法。
Dust reduction by use of water pressure blasting technology is one of the efficient approaches to depression of the dust concentration during blasting mining operation.The regularities of generation and diffusion of blasting dust and smoke was summarized,including the generation and characteristics of blasting dust,the generation and characteristics of blasting smoke,the movement of blasting dust and blasting smoke,etc.The research status of energy-saving,efficient and environmental friendly dust reduction technology with water blasting was presented and started from the dust removal mechanism and influencing factors of water blasting,to preparation with ratio optimization of water canon mud,to optimization test of water blasting charge structure,finally the research interests of this tech-nology were expected.The rock properties differed greatly from mine to mine,the optimization studies on the preparation of water cannon mud remained at the experimental stage,and more dust control data should be collected from different mine blasting sites for verification purpose.The cannon mud made of a mixture of water and other materials performed better for dust removal than that made of a single material only,but the major parameters such as the optimal plugging length of each material need to be further studied.The combination of hydraulic blasting technology with other dust removal approaches may be the solution to further reduction of the dust concentration in the mine site.
作者
欧阳丹
王鹏飞
李石林
崔燕
袁新虎
Ouyang Dan;Wang Pengfei;Li Shilin;Cui Yan;Yuan Xinhu(School of Resource&Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China)
出处
《化工矿物与加工》
CAS
2023年第3期60-68,共9页
Industrial Minerals & Processing
基金
湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2021JJ30266)
湖南省交通运输厅科技计划资助项目(202130)。
关键词
爆破粉尘
产尘规律
水炮泥
装药结构
水压爆破降尘
粉尘浓度
扩散规律
blasting dust
dust generation regularity
water cannon mud
charge structure
dust reduction by hydraulic blasting
dust concentration
diffusion rule
