摘要
种子萌发和出苗是影响花生产量的最重要因素之一,会受到自身和外部多种因素影响。花生种皮是种子重要的屏障,种皮作为保护层可以保护胚和子叶免受外力的损伤,并能有效减少外界病虫害的侵染。种子脱皮难易是影响花生商品性和加工的重要性状,不同品种的脱皮难易程度存在明显差异,其对种子萌发和出苗的具体影响仍不清楚。本研究利用5份不易脱皮的种质和3份较易脱皮的种质进行种子萌发和出苗的试验。萌发试验结果表明,所有种质无论籽仁大小在萌发最初的两个小时吸水速率最快。较易脱皮种质前两小时吸水速率介于1.09~1.41 g/h,较难脱皮的种质前两小时吸水速率介于0.72~0.98 g/h。出苗试验结果表明,较易脱皮的3个品种豫花22、豫花133、豫花93在播种5 d后出苗率介于23.30%~46.70%,而较难脱皮种质在播种5 d后出苗率最高为16.70%。对选用材料的研究初步表明,难脱皮的种质萌发和出苗时间均长于较易脱皮的种质。
Seed germination and seedling emergence is one of the most important factors affecting peanut yield, which can be affected by its own and external factors. The seed coat of peanut is an important barrier for seeds. As a protective layer, the seed coat can protect the embryo and cotyledons from external force and effectively reduce their infection by external diseases and pests. The difficulty of seed peeling is an important character that affects the commodity and processing of peanut. However, the difficulty of peanut peeling is obviously different according to the varieties, and its specific impact on seed germination and seedling emergence is still unclear. In this study, 5 peanut germplasms that are not easy to peel and 3 peanut germplasms that are easy to peel were used for seed germination and seedling emergence tests. The results of germination test showed that, regardless of the seed size, the water absorption rate of all peanut germplasms in the first two hours of germination was faster than the rest time. For the germplasms that are easy to peel, the water absorption rate was 1.09~1.41 g/h, and for the peanut germplasms that are difficult to peel, the water absorption rate was 0.72~0.98 g/h. The results of seedling emergence test showed that three varieties, Yuhua22, Yuhua133 and Yuhua93, which were easy to peel, had the seedling emergence rate of 23.30%~46.70% in 5 days after sowing, while the peanut germplasms which was difficult to peel had the highest seedling emergence rate of 16.70% in 5 days after sowing. The preliminary results showed that the germination and seedling emergence time of the hard peeled germplasms were longer than those of the easy peeled germplasms.
作者
韩锁义
董文召
郭俊佳
石欣隆
刘华
张忠信
徐静
HAN Suo-yi;DONG Wen-zhao;GUO Jun-jia;SHI Xin-long;LIU Hua;ZHANG Zhong-xin;XU Jing(Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains,Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Ixib.for Oil Crop Improvement/National and Provincial Joint Engineering Lab.for Peanut Genetic Improvement/The Shennong Lab.,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《花生学报》
北大核心
2023年第1期86-91,共6页
Journal of Peanut Science
基金
河南省农科院自主创新项目(2022ZC72)
河南省农科院基础科研项目(2022JC03)
河南省农科院优青项目(2022YQ16)
河南省重大科技专项(201000111000,221100110300)
河南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(S2012-5)。
关键词
花生
种皮
发芽
出苗
peanut
seed coat
germination
emergence
