摘要
世界卫生组织2021年提出了新的臭氧标准,不仅加严了原有的短期暴露标准,还增加了暖季峰值的长期暴露指标.2019年秋季我国发生了大范围臭氧污染事件,特别是珠三角地区臭氧浓度异常增加最为突出,导致其暖季峰值超标,并且2019年长时间臭氧污染事件增幅更大.本文发现地面太阳辐射与臭氧年际变化相关性远高于其他气象因子,即使在温度较低时,较强的太阳辐射依然可促进高臭氧浓度累积.数值模式显示强太阳辐射驱动天然源大幅增加,不仅促进臭氧浓度升高,更重要的是,对于长时间臭氧污染事件频率增加大于短期污染事件,从而大大促进臭氧超标天数的增加.结合高分辨率地球系统模式和多模式比较计划,一致揭示在全球变暖下中国东部、美国东南部、欧洲各国,未来地面太阳辐射显著增加.通过将秋季地面太阳辐射日异常标准化,构建了臭氧气象指数,可有效揭示高臭氧浓度,阐明在北半球多个易发生臭氧污染区域,高臭氧气象指数天气发生频率显著增加,即利于高臭氧污染发生的气象条件在全球变暖下可能会更加频繁地发生.
Since the severe haze pollution events in early 2013 across China,strong actions have been taken to reduce anthropogenic emissions[1],leading to a subsequent decrease in fine particulate matter[2].In contrast,ozone concentrations in China have tended to increase in recent years[3].Elsewhere,elevated near-surface ozone pollutes many parts of the world,exerting consequential impacts on human health in ozone-prone regions[4],including eastern China,the eastern United States,and Europe.
作者
寇文彬
高阳
张绍晴
蔡文炬
耿冠楠
Steven J.Davis
王宏
郭修文
程文轩
曾欣然
马铭晨
王厚文
王俏巧
姚小红
高会旺
吴立新
Wenbin Kou;Yang Gao;Shaoqing Zhang;Wenju Cai;Guannan Geng;Steven JDavis;Hong Wang;Xiuwen Guo;Wenxuan Cheng;Xinran Zeng;Mingchen Ma;Houwen Wang;Qiaoqiao Wang;Xiaohong Yao;Huiwang Gao;Lixin Wu(Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System,and Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266237,China;Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography,Institute for Advanced Ocean Study,Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System,College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography–Institute for Advanced Ocean Studies,Ocean University of China,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266100,China;Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Marine and Atmospheric Research,Aspendale Victoria 3195,Australia;State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Earth System Science,University of California,Irvine CA 92697,USA;College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Institute for Environmental and Climate Research,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510000,China)
基金
supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0106400)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42122039)
special funds from Shandong Province for Qingdao Marine Science and Technology National Laboratory(2022QNLM010203)。
