摘要
[目的]探讨乔木在三江并流区水库消落带的生态适应性,为该区生态修复优势造林树种的筛选提供科学依据。[方法]选取中山杉(Taxodium hybrid)、枫杨(Pterocarya stenoptera)、竹柳(Salix americana)、池杉(Taxodium ascendens)4种苗木在澜沧江黄登水库消落带进行小区造林试验,观测成活率、基本生长情况,并于移栽2 a后观测树冠形态结构,树梢及枝条特征,测取生物量。[结果]移栽初期,中山杉、枫杨、池杉3个树种随消落带淹水落干次数增加成活率下降明显。移栽2 a后,4种乔木成活率表现为:竹柳(100%)>池杉(48.78%)>枫杨(40.19%)>中山杉(32.86%)竹柳的生长情况极显著优于其余3个树种。枫杨和中山杉两种植物因出现枯梢、枯枝致使树高和冠幅出现降低现象。竹柳的总生物量及各组成器官的生物量均极显著高于另外3个树种,且其各组成器官占总生物量的比重较为均衡。其余3个树种各器官在总生物量的占比以树干为主。中山杉的叶片及枝条占总生物量的比重均最小。[结论]4种乔木在澜沧江黄登水库消落带的适生性依次为:竹柳>池杉>枫杨>中山杉;移栽2 a后,竹柳存活率达100%,是三江并流区水库消落植被恢复的优势树种,可在该区推广应用。
[Objective]The ecological adaptability of trees in the water-level-fluctuation zone of reservoirs in the parallel flow area of three rivers was determined in order to provide a scientific basis for the selection of dominant afforestation species for ecological restoration in this area.[Methods]Seedlings of Taxodium hybrid,Pterocarya stenoptera,Salix americana,and Taxodium ascendens were selected for a small-scale afforestation experiment in the fluctuating zone of the Huangdeng Reservoir on the Lancang River.The survival rate and basic growth of trees were observed,and the crown shape and structure,shoot and branch characteristics,and biomass were observed two years after transplanting.[Results]At the initial stage of transplanting,the survival rate of three of the tree species(Taxodium hybrid,Pterocarya stenoptera,Taxodium ascendens)decreased significantly with the increase of flooding and drying times in the drawdown zone.Two years after transplanting,the survival rates of the four tree species followed the order of Salix americana(100%)>Taxodium ascendens(48.78%)>Pterocarya stenoptera(40.19%)>Taxodium hybrid(32.86%).The growth of Salix americana was significantly greater than that of the other three species,and the tree height and crown width of Pterocarya stenoptera and Taxodium hybrid“zhongshanshan”fir decreased due to dying and dead branches.The total biomass of Salix americana and the biomass of each constituent organ were significantly greater than those of the other three tree species,and the proportion of each constituent organ to the total biomass was relatively balanced,with the trunk being the main part,and the leaves and branches of Taxodium hybrid accounting for the smallest proportion of the total biomass.[Conclusion]The suitability of the four tree species in the fluctuating zone of the Huangdeng Reservoir of the Lancang River followed the order of Salix americana>Taxodium ascendens>Pterocarya stenoptera>Taxodium hybrid.The survival rate of Salix americana was 100%two years after transplantin
作者
李建兴
黄广杰
熊寿德
保锐琴
刘武江
段青松
Li Jianxing;Huang Guangjie;Xiong Shoude;Bao Ruiqin;Liu Wujiang;Duan Qingsong(Power China Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China;College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;Yunnan Geological Engineering Survey and Design Research Institute Limited Company,Kunming,Yunnan 650041,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Yunnan Agriculaure University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期182-189,共8页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“三江并流区水库消落带草本植物根系水下固土机理研究”(42167046)
云南澜沧江黄登水电站库周消落带治理试验工程科研合作项目(H20200133)
云南省教育厅科学研究项目(2020Y165)
云南农业大学科研基金项目(2021XNKX026)。
关键词
黄登水库消落带
乔木
造林
适应性
fluctuation zone of Huangdeng Reservoir
tree
afforestation
adaptability
