摘要
中国是世界上最大的产茶国,而灰茶尺蠖是茶园中发生范围最广泛、危害最大的害虫之一,生长速度和繁殖速度极快,主要取食嫩叶造成茶树秃枝,对茶叶的质量、生产环境和地方经济发展均构成了很大的威胁。目前的防治手段仍是以传统化学农药联苯菊酯为主,但由于传统化学农药都存在挥发、光解和微生物降解等问题,在使用过程中大部分都会流失在周围环境当中,因此必须过量应用传统农药才能达到防治效果。另外,因为长期使用不当导致灰茶尺蠖对联苯菊酯形成耐药性,且联苯菊酯水溶性差、毒性大,在环境中残留过高,最终会对人类健康构成威胁。因此,开发新型环境友好型的防治药物尤为重要。本研究利用水热合成法制备粒径均一的介孔二氧硅(MSNs),通过旋蒸将联苯菊酯(Bifenthrin)负载在其孔道中得到新型的纳米材料(Bif@MSNs)。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、紫外分光光度计、扫描电镜和透射电镜对其结构进行表征,最后基于触杀、胃毒实验和数据分析探讨其对灰茶尺蠖幼虫的生物活性。结果表明,Bif@MSNs的颗粒大小约为(260±15)nm,载药率约为43.79%。通过触杀及胃毒实验得出Bif@MSNs相较于原药联苯菊酯对灰茶尺蠖有更强的抑制其生长、化蛹和羽化以及致死的作用。纳米农药Bif@MSNs对灰茶尺蠖有较好的防治作用,而且溶于水残留少,符合当前环境保护和绿色食品的需求,也为新型纳米农药的开发提供了理论依据。
China is the largest tea producing country in the world, and Ectropis grisescens Warren is one of the most extensive and harmful pests in tea gardens, with extremely fast growth and reproduction speed.It mainly feeds on fresh leaves and causes bald branches of tea trees, posing a great threat to the quality of tea, production environment and local economic development.However, due to the volatilization, photolysis and microbial degradation of traditional chemical pesticides, most of them will be lost in the surrounding environment during use.Therefore, excessive application of traditional pesticides can achieve the control effect.In addition, because of long-term improper use, Ectropis grisescens Warren forms resistance to bifenthrin, and bifenthrin is poor in water solubility, high toxicity, and excessive residue in the environment, which will eventually pose a threat to human health.Therefore, it is particularly important to develop new environment-friendly prevention and control drugs.In this study, mesoporous silica(MSNs) with uniform particle size were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, and new nanomaterials(Bif@MSNs) were obtained by loading bifenthrin in its pores by solvent evaporation method.The structure was characterized by Fourier infrared spectrometer, ultraviolet spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and finally its biological activity for the Ectropis grisescens Warren was explored based on contact toxicity, stomach toxicity experiments and data analysis.The results showed that the particle size of Bif@MSNs was about(260±15) nm, and the drug loading rate was about 43.79%.Through contact toxicity and stomach toxicity experiments Bif@MSNs compared with the original drug bifenthrin has a stronger effect on the growth, pupation, eclosion and lethality of the Ectropis grisescens Warren.Nanopesticide Bif@MSNs has a good control effect on Ectropis grisescens Warren and is more soluble in water, which meets the needs of current environmental protection and
作者
胡欣
夏豪
汪维云
王云生
孙冬冬
HU Xin;XIA Hao;WANG Wei-yun;WANG Yun-sheng;SUN Dong-dong(School of Life Sciences,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Resource Utilization,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)
出处
《药物生物技术》
CAS
2022年第6期557-563,共7页
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
基金
安徽农业大学茶树生物学与资源利用国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(No.SKLTOF20200105)。
关键词
介孔二氧化硅
联苯菊酯
纳米农药
灰茶尺蠖
触杀活性
胃毒活性
Mesoporous silica
Bifenthrin
Nanopesticides
Ectropis grisescens Warren
Contact toxicity
Stomach toxicity
