摘要
利用铁路行李车运力资源和小型蓄冷箱开展冷链快运是铁路拓展冷链物流市场和实现行李车业务转型升级的重要举措。由于目前主要依靠人工主观预测蓄冷箱需求量以及采用蓄冷箱分公司固定配属模式,快运公司蓄冷箱平均利用率较低且单次运营成本较高,影响了拓展新市场和开发新客户。研究综合考虑蓄冷箱周转率、客户需求波动性等因素,提出基于客户需求提报的蓄冷箱需求量预测方法,设计蓄冷箱在分公司之间调拨的运用模式,构建以成本最优为目标的铁路行李车冷链快运蓄冷箱配置模型,并提出求解方法。实例分析表明,调拨模式能够充分利用部分分公司闲置的蓄冷箱,有效提高蓄冷箱的利用率并降低使用成本,对推动铁路行李车冷链快运业务发展具有重要意义。
The railway luggage van and small cold storage boxes are used to carry out cold chain express,which is an important measure for the railway to expand the cold chain logistics market and realize the transformation and upgrading of the luggage van business.At present,since the demand for cold storage boxes mainly relies on subjective prediction,and a fixed distribution model of the cold storage box branch is used,the average utilization rate of the cold storage box in the express company is low,and the single operating cost is high,which affects the expansion of new markets and the development of new customers.This paper comprehensively considered factors such as the turnover rate of the cold storage box and the volatility of customer demand and proposed a prediction method of the cold storage box demand based on customer needs.The paper designed the mode of cold storage box allocation between branch companies,built a configuration model of cold chain express cold storage box by railway luggage van with the goal of optimal cost,and provided solutions.The example analysis shows that the allocation mode can make full use of the idle cold storage boxes in some branches,effectively improve the utilization rate of the cold storage boxes,and reduce the cost of use,which is of great significance to promoting the development of the cold chain express business by railway luggage van.
作者
陈诚
郑平标
朱金
CHEN Cheng;ZHENG Pingbiao;ZHU Jin(Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Marketing Department,China Railway Express Corporation Limited,Beijing 100055,China)
出处
《铁道运输与经济》
北大核心
2023年第2期61-67,共7页
Railway Transport and Economy
基金
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(N2021X023)
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2021YJS10)。
关键词
铁路行李车
冷链快运
蓄冷箱
需求预测
调拨
遗传算法
Railway Luggage Van
Cold Chain Express
Cold Storage Box
Demand Forecast
Allocation
Genetic Algorithm
