摘要
生活垃圾的清洁处理关乎环境保护、循环经济发展和民生福祉。现有的生活垃圾处理技术主要包括:填埋、焚烧、热解、气化、水热、(好氧)堆肥、(厌氧)消化/发酵等。我国生活垃圾清运量以及社会对清洁能源的需求与日俱增,生活垃圾的环境污染属性与能量迁移转化高度相关,因此生活垃圾能源化技术的发展与应用备受关注。在双碳目标下,生活垃圾能源化技术应倡导绿色、环保、低碳。既要实现生活垃圾的高效利用,又要加快降低碳排放步伐,引导创新绿色技术。本文简述了生活垃圾能源化技术分类及特征,以及主要技术的研究与应用进展,并对能源化技术的低碳环保化发展机遇与挑战进行了分析,最后展望了垃圾分类、人工智能技术、绿氢技术对生活垃圾能源化处理与绿色低碳化发展的重要作用。本文从能源转化与减污降碳的角度展开分析,为生活垃圾能源化处理技术的发展提供指导。
The efficient treatment and clean disposal of municipal solid waste(MSW)are crucial to urban environmental protection and economic development.Existing municipal solid waste treatment technologies mainly include landfill,incineration,pyrolysis,gasification,hydrothermal method,(aerobic)compost,(anaerobic)digestion/fermentation,etc.The production of domestic MSW is increasing,as well as the energy demand of the society,and thus the conversion from MSW to energy is of great importance.Under the goal of carbon neutrality,the treatment of MSW should develop toward greening,protecting environment and reducing carbon emission.It should not only achieve efficient utilization of MSW,but also accelerate the pace of reducing carbon emissions and guide innovation in green technology.This paper briefly described the classification and characteristics of waste to energy technologies.The research and application progress of main technologies were summarized,and the opportunities and challenges were analyzed towards low-carbon and environment-friendly development.Finally,the applications of sorting,artificial intelligence and green hydrogen technologies for MSW treatment were reviewed.This paper provides useful information from the views of energy conversion and carbon reduction,benefiting the development of MSW treatment.
作者
陈冠益
陈欣
颜蓓蓓
李健
陶俊宇
孙昱楠
周生权
CHEN Guanyi;CHEN Xin;YAN Beibei;LI Jian;TAO Junyu;SUN Yunan;ZHOU Shengquan(Interdisciplinary Innovation Lab for Environment&Energy,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;School of Environment and Ecology,Tibet University,Lhasa 850012,China)
出处
《能源环境保护》
2023年第1期74-82,共9页
Energy Environmental Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金(52122609)。
关键词
生活垃圾
能源化技术
碳排放
热解气化
应用与发展
Municipal solid waste
Energy conversion technology
Carbon reduction
Pyro-gasification
Application and development
