摘要
随着数字经济的深入发展,企业纷纷进行数字化转型,对经济和社会产生深远影响。本文基于消费者信息的视角,研究数字化转型对线上线下竞争均衡和消费者福利的影响,分析市场演变的动态过程。为此本文构建了线上线下企业的动态空间竞争模型,研究发现:随着线上线下企业先后拥有数字化能力,可以利用消费者购物信息进行差别定价,市场均衡结果将呈现非线性变化,竞争程度先增强后减弱,企业利润和行业利润先下降后上升,消费者福利先增加后减少;如果企业具备数字化能力还能向消费者提供精准服务或者降低企业成本,则将进一步强化企业间的价格竞争,数字化转型对市场均衡的动态影响基本保持不变。本文的发现既能解释当前线上线下竞争涌现的一些新现象,又能为数字经济时代政府保护消费者权益提供理论指导和政策建议。
In recent years,with the rapid development of digital technology,online and offline firms have been undergoing digital transformation in the flourished digital economy,which has a profound impact on the economy and society.Based on the perspective of consumer information,this paper investigates the impact of digital transformation on online and offline competition and consumer welfare,and analyzes the evolution of market equilibrium.Specifically,we construct a spatially dynamic competition model that includes an online firm and two offline firms.We model firms’digital technology to obtain and process consumer information as follows:firms first compete and acquire information on consumer purchase history,then identify their old and potential new customers,and conduct price discrimination on their new and old customers as well as provide precise services to their old customers.This paper models the digital transformation in reality as the process of obtaining digital technologies by online and offline firms successively.We first study the digital technology of firms to obtain consumer information for price discrimination,finding that along with the process of digital transformation,market equilibrium will demonstrate a nonlinear shape.Compared with the case where all firms are not digitalized,the case where only online firms are digitalized strengthens the market competition,reduces firm and industry profits,and increases consumer surplus.When online and offline firms are all digitalized,the market competition turns to be weakened,firm and industry profits are raised,and the consumer surplus is reduced.If digitalized firms can also provide precise services to consumers or reduce costs,price competition among firms will be further strengthened,and the effects of digital transformation on market equilibrium will remain almost unchanged.In the digital economy,firms’price discrimination behaviors and consumer protection are hot issues of concern to society and the government.In our model of asymmetric competition,c
作者
尹振东
龚雅娴
石明明
YIN Zhendong;GONG Yaxian;SHI Mingming(School of Economics,Central University of Finance and Economics;Business School,Renmin University of China)
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第9期192-208,共17页
Economic Research Journal
基金
国家社会科学(18BJY176)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(71703178)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金的支持。
关键词
数字化转型
线上线下竞争
电子商务
Enterprise Digital Transformation
Online Versus Offline Competition
Electronic Commerce
