摘要
新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,NRDS)是一种由于胎儿肺发育不成熟和/或各种原发、继发性原因引起肺表面活性物质(pulmonary surfactant,PS)分泌不足导致肺泡塌陷、功能障碍,从而使新生儿在出生后不久就出现进行性呼吸困难、发绀乃至呼吸衰竭的肺部疾病,是早产儿尤其是NICU内患儿致死和致病的首要原因。及早诊断和及时采用以肺表面活性物质和机械通气为主的综合性治疗手段是提升本病诊治水平的关键,因此根据临床表现及相关辅助检查进行评估和早期诊断显得尤为重要。目前针对NRDS诊断的辅助检查方法主要包括:胸部X线、肺部超声及肺成熟度检测。本文将主要从胸部X线检查、床旁肺部超声和胎儿肺成熟度三种检查在诊断NRDS方面的应用进展进行综述。
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome(NRDS)is a kind of pulmonary disease caused by alveolar collapse and respiratory failure caused by fetal lung immaturity and insufficient secretion of pulmonary surfactant(PS),which causes progressive dyspnea,cyanosis and respiratory failure in newborns within a few hours after birth,which is the main cause of death and disease in newborns,especially premature infants.To predict and diagnose the disease early according to clinical manifestations and related auxiliary examinations,and to adopt comprehensive treatment based on pulmonary surfactant and auxiliary ventilation in time is an important issue to improve the treatment level of this disease.At present,the auxiliary examination methods for the diagnosis of NRDS mainly include:chest X-ray characteristic changes,lung ultrasound and lung maturity detection.This article mainly reviews the progress of chest X-ray examination,bedside lung ultrasound and fetal lung maturity in the diagnosis of NRDS.
作者
王会霞
陈彦香
WANG Huixia;CHEN Yanxiang(Department of Neonatal Pediatrics,Yinchuan First People's Hospital,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750000,China)
出处
《影像研究与医学应用》
2023年第3期11-13,17,共4页
Journal of Imaging Research and Medical Applications
关键词
新生儿
床旁X线
床旁肺部超声
胎儿肺成熟度
呼吸窘迫综合征
Newborn
Bedside X-ray
Bedside lung ultrasound
Fetal lung maturity
Respiratory distress syndrome
