摘要
通过对“红美人”优势产区浙江象山柑橘园进行土壤和叶片矿质元素含量的测定及营养状况诊断,为“红美人”柑橘高产优质施肥提供科学依据。以“红美人”优势产区31个代表性柑橘园为研究对象,根据土壤有效养分分级标准及叶片诊断综合施肥法(DRIS)、修正诊断综合施肥法(M-DRIS)和标准适宜含量偏差百分数法(DOP),对柑橘园土壤和叶片营养状况进行诊断。结果表明:(1)研究的31个果园中90.30%的柑橘园土壤p H处于适宜水平,土壤碱解N、有效B处于缺乏和低量水平的柑橘园分别占35.70%、32.26%,其它指标处于适宜兼丰富水平;(2)除土壤交换性Ca外,高产园和低产园养分指标差异不显著,而且土壤单一养分指标与产量基本无相关性;(3)土壤交换性Ca、交换性Mg、有效Mn和有效B的含量与叶片中相应元素存在显著或极显著正相关;(4)高产园和低产园除叶片Mn元素外,其它矿质养分含量差异不显著,叶片单一矿质养分与产量基本无相关性;(5)根据DRIS、M-DRIS和DOP法对31个“红美人”柑橘园进行叶片营养诊断。DRIS、M-DRIS和DOP的平均营养不平衡指数值与产量呈显著负相关。不同方法诊断的产量限制元素排序基本一致,DRIS和M-DRIS法建立的排序均为:Mn>K>Fe;DOP法建立的排序为:Mn>Zn>Fe。常年大量施肥导致土壤养分累积,土壤养分已经不是产量限制因素。而树体内各矿质养分间的比例平衡关系对产量影响更为显著,应采用叶片营养平衡诊断为主、土壤营养诊断为辅的诊断方法,从而制定更准确的施肥方案。
The content of mineral elements in soil and leaves of Xiangshan citrus orchards in Zhejiang province,which is the dominant producing area of“Hongmeiren”,was determined,so as to provide a scientific basis for fertilizing citrus with high yield and good quality.Taking 31 representative citrus orchards in“Hongmeiren”advantaged producing areas as the research objects,the nutrient status of soil and leaves in citrus orchards were diagnosed according to the classification standard of soil available nutrients and leaf diagnosis and recommendation integrated system(DRIS),DRIS introducing dry matter(M-DRIS)and deviation from optimun percentage(DOP)diagnosis methods.The results showed that:(1)Among the 31 citrus orchards studied,90.30%of the citrus orchards were at the appropriate soil pH level.The deficiency rates of alkaline N and available B were 35.70%and 32.26%,respectively.The contents of other elements in the soil were at a suitable and abundant level.(2)Except for soil exchangeable Ca,there were no significant differences in other nutrient indexes between high yield and low yield orchard,and there was no correlation between single soil nutrient index and yield.(3)The contents of soil exchangeable Ca and Mg,available Mn and B in soil had significantly or extremely significantly positive correlation with the corresponding elements in leaves.(4)There was no significant difference in mineral nutrients except Mn in leaves between high yield orchard and low yield orchard,and there was no correlation between single mineral nutrients in leaves and yield.(5)According to DRIS,M-DRIS and DOP,the leaf nutritional diagnosis of 31“Hongmeiren”citrus orchards was carried out.The DRIS,M-DRIS and DOP average nutritional imbalance index values were significantly negatively correlated with the yield.The fertilization sequence diagnosed by different methods was basically the same.The order of fertilizer needed by DRIS and M-DRIS method showed as Mn>K>Fe,while for DOP method the order was Mn>Zn>Fe.Heavy fertilization over th
作者
丰智松
李增源
刘静
徐贺
陈磊
张卫峰
顾莹
FENG Zhi-song;LI Zeng-yuan;LIU Jing;XU He;CHEN Lei;ZHANG Wei-feng;GU Ying(College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei Anhui 230036;Shanghai Chongming District Ecological Agriculture Innovation Center,Shanghai 202150;Xiangshan Yonghong Fruit and Vegetable Limited Company,Xiangshan Zhejiang 541002)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期82-91,共10页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
上海科技兴农项目[沪农科推字(2020)第2-2号]。
