摘要
目的:了解北京市乡村成年居民营养素养现况及影响因素,为制定营养素养提升适宜技术和策略、开展健康促进和健康教育工作提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶段抽样的方法抽取北京市10个区18~59岁乡村居民进行调查,采用“一般人群营养素养问卷”收集居民一般情况和营养素养,采用SPSS软件对营养素养现状进行分析。结果:共发放问卷1 173份,回收问卷1 172份,有效问卷为1 166份,有效率为99.5%。乡村居民营养素养水平为6.2%,食物营养相关知识与理念、选择食物、准备食物和摄入食物水平分别为54.0%、2.1%、10.3%、17.4%。女性营养素养及各维度得分均高于男性[营养素养(69.5 vs 63.0);食物营养知识与理念(8.0 vs 8.0);选择食物(18.5 vs 17.0);准备食物(15.0 vs 13.3);摄入食物(27.5 vs 25.3)],且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,北京市乡村成年居民营养素养水平受性别、受教育程度、家庭月人均收入的影响。以男性为参照,女性营养素养得分较高,OR值为4.132,以小学及以下文化程度为参照,中学、大学及以上分组的营养素养得分较高,OR值分别为10.007、4.414,以家庭月人均收入<2 000元为参照,收入2 000~3 499元及10 000元以上居民营养素养得分较高,OR值分别为1.537、2.588。结论:乡村成年居民营养素养总体水平较低,人群中分布存在差异,男性、受教育程度较低和收入水平较低者营养素养较低,应加强乡村地区重点人群的健康教育工作。
【Objective】 To investigate the nutrition literacy status and its influencing factors of rural residents in Beijing,so as to provide evidence for formulating appropriate strategies for improving nutrition literacy and carrying out health promotion and health education.【Method】 The multi-stage sampling method was used to select the rural residents aged 18—59 in 10 agricultural areas in Beijing. The " Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese Adults " was used to collect the general information and nutrition literacy of residents. SPSS software was used to analyze the nutrition literacy status. 【Result】 A total of 1 173 questionnaires were distributed in this study,1 172 questionnaires were returned,and 1 166 valid questionnaires were obtained. The level of nutrition literacy,food and nutrition knowledge,selecting food,preparing food,and eating were 6. 2%,54. 0%,2. 1%,10. 3% and 17. 4%,respectively. The scores of nutrition literacy and various dimensions of women were higher than men [food and nutrition literacy( 69. 5 vs 63. 0);food and nutrition knowledge( 8. 0 vs 8. 0);selecting food( 18. 5 vs 17. 0);preparing food( 15. 0 vs 13. 3);eating( 27. 5 vs 25. 3) ],and the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender,education level,and household income were the influencing factors of the nutrition literacy level. Taking men as reference,women had higher scores,with an OR value of 4. 132. Taking primary school and below education as reference,middle school as well as university and above groups had higher scores,with OR value of 10. 007 and4. 414. Taking the monthly income of households less than 2 000 yuan as the reference,the scores of residents with incomes of 2 000—3 499and above 10 000 were higher,OR values were 1. 537 and 2. 588. 【Conclusion】 The nutrition literacy of rural adult residents is low,and the characteristics of imbalance among various dimensions are prominent. Health education in rural areas should
作者
郭凯威
张娜
张建芬
池睿欣
马冠生
GUO Kai-wei;ZHANG Na;ZHANG Jian-fen;CHI Rui-xin;MA Guan-sheng(Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)
出处
《中国食物与营养》
2023年第2期63-68,共6页
Food and Nutrition in China
关键词
营养素养
北京市
乡村居民
影响因素
nutrition literacy
Beijing city
rural resident
influencing factor
