摘要
农业大田中农作物在不同的生长阶段对水分和养分的需求不同,为了对精准施肥提供有效数据,设计实现了基于LoRa的农业大田土壤多测点多参数监测系统,在实时监测土壤温湿度和养分变化的基础上,实现按需测土配方的精准施肥。监测系统由数据采集、传输以及测土配方服务管理系统组成。部署在大田中的多传感器采集节点采用LoRa低功耗无线传输网络以载波监听从机轮询的方式,实时传输土壤温湿度、PH值、氮、磷和钾等数据到网关节点,网关节点通过4G移动互联网将数据传输至服务器。系统在田间测试表明,多终端节点和网关节点距离1~2 km时,通信的成功率可达到90%以上,距离超过2 km时通信成功率达86.3%,比采用LoRa自组网协议的通信成功率提高了20.5%。田间监测结果显示,同一地块不同位置的土壤墒情和养分有明显的差异,系统不但可以监测土壤墒情和养分数据,还可提供测土配方的精准施肥方案,有较强的实际应用价值。
Crops in agricultural fields have different requirements for water and nutrients at different growth stages. In order to provide effective data for precise fertilization, a LoRa-based agricultural field soil multi-measurement point and multi-parameter monitoring system is designed and implemented to monitor changes in soil moisture and nutrients in real time. The precise on-demand formulated fertilization based on soil testing can be realized. The monitoring system consists of data collection, transmission and soil testing & formula service management system. The multi-sensor acquisition nodes deployed in the field use the LoRa low-power wireless transmission network to transmit data such as soil temperature and humidity, PH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. to the gateway node in real time by means of carrier listening slave polling. The gateway node transmits data to the server through 4G mobile internet. The field test of the system shows that when the distance between the multi-terminal node and the gateway node is 1~2 km, the communication success rate can reach more than 90%, and when the distance exceeds 2 km, the communication success rate is 86.3%, which is 20.5% higher than the communication success rate using the LoRa ad hoc network protocol. And the field monitoring results show that there are obvious differences in soil moisture and nutrients in different locations on the same plot. This system can not only monitor soil moisture and nutrient data, but also provide accurate formulated fertilization plans based on soil testing, which has strong practical applications value.
作者
冀汶莉
王佳豪
王新伟
JI Wenli;WANG Jiahao;WANG Xinwei(College of Communications and Information Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;School of computer Science and Technology,Xi'an University of Posts&Telecommunications,Xi'an 710053,China)
出处
《无线电工程》
北大核心
2023年第2期456-464,共9页
Radio Engineering
基金
2019年西安市科技局项目(20193054YF042NS042)。
关键词
土壤多参数监测系统
LoRa无线通信技术
测土配方信息化
农业大田
CSMA/CA
multi-parameter monitoring system of soil
LoRa
informationization of formulated fertilization based on soil testing
agricultural field
CSMA/CA
