摘要
针对限制性航道船行波作用下的生态护岸问题,研发了新型生态护岸空腔结构,开展自航船舶模型水槽试验,研究船行波作用下腔体内流速分布、紊动特征及集鱼效应。结果表明,在船行波作用下,受腔体复杂结构控制,水体流动由低频波振荡流转变为高频边界层紊流,距边壁越远流速越大,且能量在各频率趋于均匀分布。腔体内紊动呈现多峰值并逐渐耗散的过程,正常船速4.60 m/s时,最大紊动能为0.002 5 m^(2)/s^(2),位于鲫鱼的偏好动能范围之内;船速增大至6.3 m/s时,最大紊动能为0.177 1 m^(2)/s^(2),超出鲫鱼的偏好动能范围,不利于鱼类栖息,船舶在鱼类重点保护区宜限速航行。
To solve the problem of ecological revetment under the action of traveling wave in restricted waterway, a new type of ecological revetment cavity structure is developed, and the model flume test of self-sailing ship is carried out to study the velocity distribution, turbulence characteristics and fish gathering effect in the cavity under the action of traveling wave. The results show that when the ship traveling wave is controlled by the complex structure of the cavity, the water flow changes from low frequency oscillation to high frequency boundary layer turbulence, the farther away from the edge wall, the greater the velocity is, and the energy tends to be evenly distributed in each frequency. The turbulence in the cavity shows a process of multiple peaks and gradual dissipating, and the maximum turbulent kinetic energy is 0.002 5 m~2/s~2 at the normal ship speed of 4.6 m/s. When the ship speed increases to 6.3 m/s, the maximum turbulent kinetic energy is 0.177 1 m~2/s~2,which exceeds the preferred kinetic energy range of crucian carp and is no longer conducive to fish habitat. Therefore, the speed limit should be set for ships sailing in key fish reserves.
作者
田树海
黄伟
李寿千
于海然
滕娟
TIAN Shu-hai;HUANG Wei;LI Shou-qian;YU Hai-ran;TENG Juan(China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430063,China;Nanjing hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;College of Water Resource and Hydropower,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Shandong Haihe Port Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250002,China;Yangzhou Water Conservancy Engineering Construction Center,Yangzhou 225009,China)
出处
《水运工程》
北大核心
2023年第2期134-140,共7页
Port & Waterway Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001003)
江苏省水利科技项目(2021016)。
关键词
生态护岸
空腔结构
时均流速
紊动特性
集鱼效应
ecological revetment
cavity structure
time-averaged velocity
turbulent characteristics
fish gathering effect
