摘要
基于2017年夏季对伶仃洋的水文水质多要素观测,分析了该海域氮磷营养盐和7种重金属元素的分布;运用富营养化指数TRIX对其进行了富营养化评价;运用单因子指数法对其进行了重金属污染评价;基于模糊综合评价法,构建了珠江伶仃洋河口湾海域水环境安全综合评价模型.结果表明:受沉积环境、河口径-潮动力耦合作用及地球化学性质的影响,珠江河口氮磷营养盐和重金属空间分布差异显著,氮营养盐浓度伶仃洋东岸较高,磷营养盐浓度西岸较高,海水中重金属的浓度大小序列为:锌>砷>铜>铅>铬>镉>汞;富营养化评价结果表明该海域有一定的机率爆发富营养化风险,特别是虎门附近和深圳近海;单因子指数法表明该海域2017年夏季的汞、镉、铅、铬、砷、锌、铜7种重金属元素污染水平较低;水环境综合评价结果表明珠江伶仃洋河口湾水环境50%、21%、15%、13%的几率处于无、低、中、高风险;该海域水生环境的主要障碍因子为富营养化因子,其障碍贡献呈口门向外海递减,各站位重金属因子的障碍贡献呈波动状态.
Based on a multi-factor inspection of hydrology and water quality in Lingdingyang during the summer of 2017,the distribution of N,P nutrients and seven heavy metals in the sea area were analyzed.The eutrophication index TRIX was used to evaluate the eutrophication,and the single factor index method was used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution.Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,a comprehensive evaluation model of water environment safety in the Lingdingyang Estuary Bay of the Pearl River was established.The results showed that the spatial distribution of N,P nutrients and heavy metals in the Pearl River estuary varied significantly due to the influence of sedimentary environment,estuarine-tidal coupling and geochemical characteristics.The concentrations of N nutrients were higher in the east coast of Lingdingyang while P nutrients were higher in the west coast.The concentrations of heavy metals in the seawater were of the following order:Zn>As>Cu>Pb>Cr>Cd>Hg.The eutrophication assessment results showed that there was a certain risk of eutrophication,especially in the waters off Humen and Shenzhen,and the single-factor index method indicated that the pollution level of seven heavy metal elements(Hg,Cd,Pb,Cr,As,Zn,Cu)in the sea area in summer of 2017 was low.The results of water environment comprehensive assessment showed that 50%,21%,15%and 13%of the water environment of the Lingdingyang Estuary Bay of the Pearl River were of no,low,medium and high risk,respectively.The main obstacle factor of aquatic environment in this sea area was eutrophication factor,and its obstacle contribution decreased progressively from the river mouth to the open sea,and the obstacle contribution of heavy metal factor in each monitor station was fluctuating.
作者
付涛
党浩铭
梁海含
牛丽霞
杨清书
FU Tao;DANG Haoming;LIANG Haihan;NIU Lixia;YANG Qingshu(School of Ocean Engineering and Technology&Estuarine and Coast Institue,Sun Yat-Sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000,China;Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Coasts,Islands and Reefs,Guangzhou 510275,China)
出处
《中南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第2期157-165,共9页
Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities：Natural Science Edition
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0402600)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51709289)。
关键词
重金属
营养盐
模糊综合评价
水环境安全
珠江伶仃洋河口湾
heavy metal
nutrient
fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
water environment safety
Lingdingyang Estuary Bay of the Pearl River
