摘要
为探讨灌溉与冻结过程中灌区不同类型土地盐分迁移的分异特征,以河套灌区典型试验区内3个代表不同土地类型的试验点为研究对象,采用统计学方法和水盐平衡原理,结合田间连续监测试验,分析了不同时期土壤盐分迁移特征。结果表明:整个试验期非耕地积盐现象明显,尤其是浅表层土壤(0~30 cm)单位面积储盐量平均增加了806.4 g/m^(2),而耕地则减少了49.7 g/m^(2)。受灌溉淋洗和冻结作用的影响,在监测期内耕地与非耕地呈现不一致的盐分迁移规律,秋浇期非耕地土壤盐分向上迁移,导致70 cm以上土层处于积盐状态,而耕地土壤盐分向下迁移,各层均处于脱盐状态;冻结期通常耕地与非耕地的土壤盐分均向上迁移,但在距离排水渠道较近的情况下盐分从浅层土壤向深层土壤运移。该研究结果可为河套灌区秋浇工作的有效开展和排水脱盐的合理规划提供理论依据。
In order to explore the quantitative impact of irrigation and freezing on salt movement in different land types in the irrigation area,three experimental sites representing different land types in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia were selected as the research objects in this study.By using the statistical method and water salt balance principle,the spatial and temporal variation of salt storage and flux in different soil layers before and after autumn irrigation were analyzed,thereby evaluating the influence of main ions on soil salt changes.The results showed that the effects of autumn irrigation and freezing on different land types were different.The non-cultivated land was greatly affected by irrigation and freezing,while the cultivated land was less affected.Especially at the depth of 0~30 cm soil layer,the average salt storage per unit area increased by 806.4 g/m^(2) in the non-cultivated land.On the contrary,the salt storage in the cultivated land decreased by 49.7 g/m^(2) after irrigation.It also should be noted that during the freezing period,the salt tended to move upward,which led to the increase of soil salinity in the middle and deep layers.In terms of ions effect,under the influence of lateral migration and freezing,Cl^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-)had a greater impact on soil salt storage of the 1^(#)monitoring site.Influenced by irrigation leaching and freezing,SO_(4)^(2-)and HCO_(3)^(-)had a stronger influence on soil salt storage of the 2^(#) monitoring site.While influenced by freezing,lateral migration and drainage,SO_(4)^(2-)and Cl^(-)had a greater impact on soil salt storage of the 3^(#)monitoring site.These findings can provide theoretical support in aiding autumn irrigation management.
作者
岳卫峰
吴礼军
郭梦申
刘宇
杨丽清
徐洋
刘晓丽
YUE Wei-feng;WU Li-jun;GUO Meng-shen;LIU Yu;YANG Li-qing;XU Yang;LIU Xiao-li(College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Experimental Station of Yichang Sub-center of Water Development Center of Hetao Irrigation Dsitrict in Inner Mongolia,Bayannur City 015100,Inner Mongolia,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2023年第2期102-110,共9页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201204)
国家自然科学基金项目(51879011,52179032)。
关键词
秋浇
冻结
耕地
非耕地
盐分运移
河套灌区
autumn irrigation
freezing
cultivated land
non-cultivated land
salt movement
Hetao Irrigation District
