摘要
为探究人粪污好氧堆肥最佳工艺参数,探究初始含水率对人粪污好氧堆肥腐熟及微生物群落结构变化的影响。以人粪污为原料,玉米秸秆为调理剂,设置初始含水率55%(MC55)、60%(MC60)和65%(MC65) 3个处理组,在60 L的密闭发酵罐中堆肥30 d。结果表明,在不同初始含水率条件下,堆肥产品均可达到腐熟标准,堆肥产物没有作物毒性(GI>80%)。MC60和MC65处理堆肥产物均已达到无害化卫生标准,MC55处理堆肥产物未达到无害化卫生标准,其粪大肠菌群数依然高于10^(2)MPN·g^(-1)。3组处理中,细菌丰度均高于真菌,MC65有助于提高堆肥过程中细菌丰富度与多样性,但MC60可提高真菌多样性。3组处理间主要细菌门和真菌门组成一致,MC65处理增加了腐熟期拟杆菌门和担子菌门的相对丰度。升温期和高温期3个处理优势细菌属具有明显差异;腐熟期MC60和MC65处理细菌属组成具有相似性,MC55和MC65处理真菌属随时间的变化具有相似性。MC65处理增加了高温期Bacillus和Meyerozyma的相对丰度,增加了腐熟期uncultured_bictureium和Coprinopsis的相对丰度。MC对真菌演替的影响大于细菌,随着堆肥的进行,MC对微生物群落结构的影响逐渐减小。MC65处理高温期持续时间最长,堆肥产物粪大肠菌群数最低,增加了腐熟期木质素降解菌的相对丰度,是人粪污好氧堆肥最佳初始含水率。本研究结果可为优化人粪污好氧堆肥工艺参数提供参考。
In order to study the optimal process parameter of the aerobic composting with the human excrement, the effect of the initial moisture content(MC) on the maturity extent of the aerobic composting and the microbial community structure of the human excrement were studied. Adopting the human excrement as the raw material and the corn straw as conditioner, three treatment groups were set up with initial moisture content of 55%(MC55), 60%(MC60) and 65%(MC65), respectively. The experiment was conducted in three 60 L closed fermenters with composting for 30 days. The results showed that the compost products could fulfill the maturity standard and had no crop toxicity(GI>80%) with different initial moisture contents. The compost products of MC60 and MC65 had satisfied the non-hazardous sanitary standard, while the compost products of MC55 could not, with the fecal coliforms which was higher than 10^(2) MPN·g^(-1). The bacterial abundances were higher than those of fungi in all three treatments, which indicated that the treatment of MC65 could improve the richness and the diversity of the bacteria during the composting process, but MC60 could increase the diversity of the fungi. The compositions of the major bacterial phyla and fungal phyla were consistent among the three treatments. The treatment of MC65 increased the relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes and Basidiomycetes during the mature phase. The dominant bacterial generas among the three treatments were significantly different during the heating and the thermophilic phases. The bacterial genus was similar between MC60 and MC65during the mature phase, and the variations of fungal genera during the compost period were similar for MC55 and MC65. The treatment of MC65 improved the relative abundances of Bacillus and Meyerozyma during the thermophilic phase, as well as uncultured_bictureium and Coprinopsis during the mature phase. The effect degree of MC on the fungal succession was greater than that of the bacteria, and the effect of MC on microbial community struc
作者
周亚文
张宇航
沈玉君
丁京涛
范盛远
贾懿曼
王惠惠
程琼仪
李丹阳
张爱琴
ZHOU Yawen;ZHANG Yuhang;SHEN Yujun;DING Jingtao;FAN Shengyuan;JIA Yiman;WANG Huihui;CHENG Qiongyi;LI Danyang;ZHANG Aiqin(Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection,Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering,Beijing 100125,China;College of Resources and Environment Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Key Laboratory of Rural Toilet and Sewage Treatment Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P.R.China,Beijing 100125,China)
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期4108-4120,共13页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
农业农村部规划设计研究院自主研发项目(SP202103,SH202108)
联合国儿童基金会环境卫生特别项目。
关键词
含水率
人粪污
好氧堆肥
微生物群落结构
moisture content
human excrement
aerobic composting
microbial community structure
