摘要
本文针对中国香港人口变化的趋势(包括人口老龄化问题)进行系统性分析。研究结果显示,随着整体社会的老龄化速度加快,中国香港在稳定发展的同时,面对社会供养压力增加、劳动力及人力资源错配的问题。人口老化与发展之间出现断裂,在目前缺乏新的经济增长点的情况下,如何确保中国香港的人才资源充分支撑日益庞大的社会开支,并发挥作为国际都会的吸引力,成为当前亟需处理的政策问题。人口问题需要以长远视角应对,然而挑战已迫在眉睫,需要策略性改革,推动更积极的人口政策和输入人才政策。特区政府须聚焦人口质素,提升人力资本,一方面针对性地吸纳优质人才及短缺劳工,直接助力中国香港经济及社会发展;另一方面积极应对老龄化社会,全面优化社会配套,提升人力资本效益。与此同时,中国香港宜积极配合国家发展,把握粤港澳大湾区、“一带一路”建设等战略机遇,推动整体发展,为“一国两制”行稳致远作出贡献。
This paper conducts a systematic analysis upon the population change trends in Hong Kong SAR,including the population aging. The findings of the study show that, with the acceleration of the aging of the society as a whole, Hong Kong SAR faces increasing social support pressure and a mismatch of labor and human resources in pursuing stable development. Fissures have emerged between the population aging and development. How to ensure that Hong Kong’s SAR human resources adequately support the evergrowing public spending and keep Hong Kong’s appeal as an international metropolis in the absence of new economic growth points has become an urgent policy issue. The population issues should be addressed from a long-term perspective, but challenges are imminent, so strategic reforms should be conducted to promote more proactive population and talent attraction policies. The HKSAR Government should focus on the competence of its population and enhance its human capital. For one thing, it should attract high-quality talents and the highly sought-after personnel to directly contribute to Hong Kong’s SAR economic and social development;for another, it should proactively respond to the aging society and improve social support in an all-round way to improve the efficiency of human capital. At the same time, Hong Kong SAR should proactively support national development, seize the strategic opportunities in building the Greater Bay Area in Guangdong, Hong Kong SAR and Macao and in pursuing the “Belt and Road” Initiative, promote overall development, and contribute to the stability of the “One Country, Two Systems” policy.
作者
方舟
杨云
汤东宪
张钧华
Fang Zhou;YangYun;TangDongxian;Zhang Junhua
出处
《港澳研究》
CSSCI
2022年第4期42-55,95,共15页
Hong Kong and Macao Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金社科学术社团主题学术活动“‘一国两制’在香港的实践与经验研究”(批准号:22STA003)阶段性研究成果。
关键词
人口政策
输入人才政策
人口老龄化
新移民
人力资源错配
Population policy
Talent Policy
Population Aging
New Immigrants
Human Resources Mismatch
