摘要
從簡帛醫書來看,中國早期的“方”包括用藥和不用藥兩大類型,細分又有内服、外用、祝由等多種形式。“方”在醫書中的内涵即爲“治療的方法”,這一名稱在後世醫書中還有“法”“術”之變,涉及内服藥時多稱“方”,稱“法”“術”者多帶有宗教色彩,但三者仍可混稱。一個“方”一般要解决三個問題,用於什麽,用什麽,怎麽用。與此對應,“方”的結構一般包括三個部分:1.述證;2.組成;3.節度。
From the bamboo and silk medical books,the early fang(方)in China includes two types:medication and non-medication,which can be subdivided into oral administration,external use,Zhuyou(祝由),and other forms.Fang(方)in medical books connotes"the method of treatment".This term has variants in later medical books,like fa(法)and shu(術).When it comes to oral medicine,fang(方)is often used,while fa(法)and shu(術)are mostly used in a religious sense,but all the three terms can still be mixed.A fang(方)generally needs to solve three problems:the object,the composition,and the therapy.To answer these,the structure of fang(方)generally includes three parts:1)Statement of evidence;2)Composition;3)Matters needing attention.
作者
沈澍農
温雯婷
Shen Shunong;Wen Wenting
基金
2017年國家社會科學基金重大項目“敦煌西域出土漢文醫藥文獻綜合研究”(17ZDA332)
2020年四川省社會科學重點研究基地(擴展)中國出土醫學文獻與文物研究中心科研項目“秦漢簡帛禁咒方研究”(2020C06)
江蘇高校哲學社會科學研究基金項目“面向詞典編纂的敦煌醫藥文獻醫學詞語研究”(2021SJA0329)的階段性成果。
关键词
方
簡帛
隋唐醫書
Fang(方)
bamboo and silk manuscripts
Sui and Tang medical books
