摘要
目的通过对2020年至2021年湘潭市中心医院就诊的6537例急性呼吸道感染儿童(0~14岁)行抗原检测,回顾性分析各类病毒在我院就诊儿童呼吸道感染中的分布情况,为儿童呼吸道感染的早期诊治提供流行病学依据;同时与2020年之前两年的感染情况进行对比,分析近两年病原体检出率与既往的变化。方法采集患儿鼻咽拭子,采用直接免疫荧光法(DFA)检测7种呼吸道病毒抗原,包括A型流感病毒(FluA)、副流感病毒1型(PIV1)、B型流感病毒(FluB)、副流感病毒3型(PIV3)、副流感病毒2型(PIV2)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和腺病毒(ADV)。结果6537例急性呼吸道感染患儿中,1289例呼吸道病毒抗原检测结果为阳性,阳性率为19.15%,其中两项检测结果同时为阳性7例。以合并RSV感染最常见,占总阳性标本的0.54%;阳性率最高的是RSV(10.63%),其次为PIV 1(3.44%),PIV 3(2.29%),Flu B(1.48%),Flu A(0.67%),ADV(0.52%),PIV2(0.12%)。小于1岁组与1~4岁组、4~7岁组、7~14岁组儿童七项检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=47.66,129.3,259.7,P均<0.001);1~4岁组与4~7岁组、7~14岁组儿童七项检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=61.58,216.3,P均<0.001);4~7岁组与7~14岁组儿童七项检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=42.37,P<0.001)。春季呼吸道感染儿童七项病原体检出率与夏季、秋季、冬季比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=80.92,132.5,24.68,P均<0.001);夏季呼吸道感染儿童七项病原体检出率与冬季比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=234.6,P<0.001)。既往两年期间因上呼吸道感染行呼吸道七联检患儿11057例,明显高于2020年至2021年的例数;总病原体检出率为19.96%,高于2020年至2021年期间检出率。结论儿童常见呼吸道病原体感染存在年龄、季节等差异性。近两年随着个人防护的加强,呼吸道病原体的感染率明显降低。
Objective A total of 6537 children(0-14 years old)with acute respiratory tract infection from 2020 to 2021 in Xiangtan Central Hospital,a retrospective analysis of the distribution of various viruses in respiratory tract infections in children was conducted to provide epidemiological basis for early diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infections in children and to compare with the infection situation in the two years before 2020,to analyze the detection rate of pathogens in recent two years and the changes in the past.Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the children and 7 kinds of respiratory viral antigens were detected by direct immunofluorescence assay(DFA),these viruses include influenza A virus(FluA),parainfluenza virus type 1(PIV1),influenza B virus(FluB),parainfluenza virus type 3(PIV3),Parainfluenza virus type 2(PIV2),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and adenovirus(ADV).Results Among 6537 children with acute respiratory infection,1289 children were found to be positive for respiratory viral antigen,the positive rate was 19.15%.RSV infection was the most common(0.54%),followed by PIV 1(3.44%),PIV 3(2.29%),Flu B(1.48%),Flu A(0.67%),ADV(0.52%),PIV 2(0.12%).There were significant differences in the detection rates of seven items between the children aged less than 1 year and those aged 1-4 years,4-7 years and 7-14 years(χ^(2)=47.66,129.3,259.7,P<0.001).There was significant difference in the detection rates of seven items between children aged 1-4 years and 4-7 years and 7-14 years(χ^(2)=61.58,216.3,P<0.001)There was significant difference in the detection rate of seven items between children aged 4-7 years and 7-14 years(χ^(2)=42.37,P<0.001).The detection rate of seven pathogens in children with respiratory tract infection in spring was significantly higher than that in summer,autumn and winter(χ^(2)=80.92,132.5,24.68,P<0.001).The detection rate of seven pathogens in children with respiratory tract infection in summer was significantly higher than that in winter(χ^(2)=234.6,P<0.001)
作者
康怀兴
张波
毛福青
Kang Huaixing;Zhang Bo;Mao Fuqing(Department of Laboratory,Xiangtan Central Hospital,Xiangtan 411100,China)
出处
《临床医学》
CAS
2022年第11期1-4,共4页
Clinical Medicine
基金
2020年度湘潭市市科技计划一般项目(SF-YB20201004)。
关键词
急性呼吸道感染
儿童
七项呼吸道病毒
抗原检测
Acute respiratory tract infection
Children
Seven respiratory viruses
Antigen dectection
