摘要
【目的】分析辽东山区蒙古栎次生林更新特征,探究其主要影响因素,为该区天然次生林的恢复和可持续经营提供理论依据。【方法】采用典型样地调查法,对辽东山区蒙古栎次生林乔木更新树种组成和数量、高度级分布、更新方式以及环境因子(林下光环境、地被物和土壤理化性质等)进行调查,利用Pearson相关分析法,分析环境因子对幼苗(株高(H)≤1 m)、幼树(H>1 m,胸径<5 cm)密度的影响,并采用多元线性逐步回归分析法,探究影响幼苗和幼树密度的关键环境因子。【结果】①辽东山区蒙古栎次生林更新乔木树种共30种,隶属于14科21属,其中蒙古栎、元宝槭、花曲柳、假色槭和紫椴为优势树种。更新苗密度随高度级呈倒“J”字型分布,Ⅰ级(H<30 cm)和Ⅱ级(30 cm≤H<60 cm)幼苗数量较多,占更新苗总数的60.20%;幼树数量较少,Ⅹ级(270 cm≤H<300 cm)幼树密度仅为Ⅰ级幼苗的1.91%。实生苗数量为萌生苗的38倍。②幼苗密度与林冠开阔度、林下总光合辐射、土壤全磷和有效磷含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与叶面积指数、枯落物厚度、土壤pH值、土壤全氮和碱解氮含量、土壤有机质含量呈极显著或显著负相关(P<0.01或P<0.05);幼树密度与林冠开阔度、土壤全磷和土壤速效钾含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与叶面积指数、土壤含水量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。③多元线性逐步回归分析表明,影响幼苗和幼树密度的关键环境因子不同,幼苗密度主要受林冠开阔度、土壤全磷含量和土壤pH值影响,幼树密度主要受土壤全磷含量和土壤含水量影响。【结论】辽东山区蒙古栎次生林乔木更新树种丰富,但幼苗死亡率高,幼树数量少,天然更新困难,人工促进天然更新时,可采取清理枯落物、割除灌木和抚育间伐相结合的经营措施。
【Objective】This paper analyzed the regeneration characteristics of Quercus mongolica secondary forest in the mountainous area of Eastern Liaoning and explored the main influencing factors to provide basis for the restoration and sustainable management of natural secondary forest in this region.【Method】Tree regeneration status and environmental factors of Q.mongoulica secondary forest in the mountainous area of Eastern Liaoning were investigated using the typical sample plot investigation method.The effects of environmental factors on density of seedlings(height(H)<1 m)and saplings((H)>1 m,diameter at breast height<5 cm)were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.The key factors affecting the density of seedlings and saplings were explored using multiple stepwise regression analysis method.【Result】①There were 30 regeneration tree species in Mongolian oak secondary forest in this region belonging to 14 families and 21 genera dominated by Quercus mongolica,Acer truncatum,Fraxinus rhynchophylla,A.pseudosieboldianum and Tilia amurensis.The density of regeneration seedlings was in an inverse J-shape distribution along with height-class.The number of gradeⅠ(H<30 cm)andⅡ(30 cm≤H<60 cm)seedlings accounted for 60.20%.The density of gradeⅩ(270 cm≤H<300 cm)saplings was only 1.91%of the density of gradeⅠ.The number of seedlings was 38 times of sprouting seedlings.②Seedling density had significant positive correlations with canopy open degree,total photosynthetic radiation,soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus(P<0.05),and extremely significant or significant negative correlations with leaf area index,litter thickness,soil pH value,soil total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolytic nitrogen content and organic matter content(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Sapling density had significant negative correlations with canopy openness,soil total P and soil available K(P<0.05)and significant positive correlations with leaf area index and soil water content(P<0.05).③The key factors affecting density of seedlings and sapl
作者
董莉莉
汪成成
赵济川
刘红民
王建军
高英旭
李兴忠
DONG Lili;WANG Chengcheng;ZHAO Jichuan;LIU Hongmin;WANG Jianjun;GAO Yingxu;LI Xingzhong(Liaoning Academy of Forestry Science,Shenyang,Liaoning 110032,China;State Owned Caohezhang Forest Farm of Benxi Manchu Autonomous County,Benxi,Liaoning 117108,China)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期94-101,109,共9页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1902081)
辽宁省农业科学院院长基金项目(2021QN2012)。
关键词
森林更新
环境因子
蒙古栎次生林
辽东山区
forest regeneration
environmental factors
secondary forest of Quercus mongolica
mountainous area of Eastern Liaoning
