摘要
传统协作式位置隐私保护方案大多假设在协作组构造过程中用户是诚实可信.然而现实环境下,用户协作过程中存在自利(如:请求用户泄露协作用户的真实位置给不诚信实体)或者欺骗(如:协作用户提供虚假位置导致服务提供商能够识别出请求用户的真实位置)行为,从而带来用户位置隐私信息泄露等问题,严重威胁用户的生命财产安全.区块链作为一种分布式的存储框架,存在以下优点:可追溯性、透明公开及不可篡改等,正因为如此,本文提出基于区块链的用户协作式位置隐私保护方案.考虑群组内用户通过协作转发和空间伪装保护位置隐私需求的场景.本文首先基于博弈理论分析协作过程中请求发起者与协作者的行为;其次,构建信誉机制将用户行为与收益结合;再次,利用区块链记录用户间的转发行为及信誉值并以此作为证据,惩罚有恶意行为的用户,使其作为请求发起者时不能得到其他用户的协作来约束用户的自利性.最后,设计奖励激励机制,保证用户的诚实转发行为,形成互利且公平的生态.安全分析表明,所提出的方案能够有效阻止用户的恶意行为,促进群组内用户的诚信合作.此外,通过与基准方案相比较,本方案位置隐私泄露概率降低了50%,具有较好的隐私保护效果.
Traditional cooperative location privacy protection schemes mostly assume that users are honest and trustworthy during the construction of the cooperative group.However,in the real environment,there are self-interests in the process of user collaboration(e.g.,requesting the user to disclose the real location of the collaborative user to a dishonest entity)or deception(e.g.,the collaborative user provides a false location so that the service provider can identify the real location of the requesting user)Behavior,which brings about problems such as the leakage of user location privacy information,which seriously threatens the safety of users′lives and properties.As a distributed storage framework,blockchain has the characteristics of non-tampering,openness and transparency and traceability.In this regard,this paper presents a blockchain-based user-cooperative location privacy protection scheme.Consider a scenario where user group need to protect location privacy through collaborative forwarding and spatial camouflage.Firstly,we analyze the behaviors of request initiators and collaborators in the process of collaboration based on game theory;secondly,a reputation mechanism is built to combine user behavior and revenue.Thirdly,lockchain is used to record the forwarding behavior and reputation value between users and use this as evidence.Punish users who have malicious behavior such that they cannot get the cooperation of other users when they act as request initiators to restrict users′self-interest.Finally,this plan also designs a reward and incentive mechanism to ensure the honest forwarding behavior of users and form a mutually beneficial and fair ecology.Security analysis shows that the proposed scheme can effectively prevent malicious behavior of users and promote honest cooperation among users in the group.In addition,compared with the baseline scheme,this scheme reduces the probability of location privacy leakage by 50%and has a better privacy protection effect.
作者
汪悦
沈航
田一博
WANG Yue;SHENG Hang;TIAN Yi-bo(College of Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China;State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)
出处
《小型微型计算机系统》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期413-421,共9页
Journal of Chinese Computer Systems
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61502230)资助
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20201357)资助
江苏省“六大人才高峰”高层次人才资助项目(RJFW-020)资助
计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室(南京大学)资助项目(KFKT2017B21)资助
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX21_1141)资助.
关键词
位置隐私保护
区块链
激励机制
协作
博弈
信誉值
location privacy protection
blockchain
incentive mechanism
collaboration
gaming
credit mechanism
