摘要
明清时期的“学霸”是指科举生员中扰乱基层社会的不法之辈。他们利用生员身份所获得的特权,左右选才之途,结交胥吏、胁迫官员,参与或主导地方经济纠纷,干预词讼、扰乱治安,成为影响明清社会的一股力量。“学霸”群体和官方势力在政治、经济等方面的矛盾,不但体现了其群体意识的增强,而且反映出鼎革之际国家权力对社会控制力不断削弱的现实。通过“学霸”这一视角考察基层社会运行和国家、社会之间的力量博弈,有助于更深刻地理解明清社会变革。
“Xueba”in the Ming and Qing Dynasties refers to the law breakers among the imperial examination students who disturbed the grass-roots society.They took advantage of the privileges they gained by being students to influence the talents selection process,befriend officials,coerce them,participate in or lead local economic disputes,interfere in lawsuits,and disturb public order,and became a force affecting the society in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The political and economic contradictions between the“Xueba”group and the official forces not only reflected the enhancement of the group consciousness of“Xueba”,but also reflected the reality that the state power has continuously weakened its control over society at the time of the great revolution.It is helpful to understand the social changes in the Ming and Qing Dynasties more profoundly by examining the power game between the grass-roots social operation and the state and society,from the perspective of“Xueba”.
出处
《史志学刊》
2022年第6期9-23,共15页
Journal of History and Chorography
基金
中央民族大学博士研究生自主科研项目“纸价银收支与明代赋役制度转型研究”(BZKY2021053)阶段性成果。
关键词
“学霸”
生员
选才
包揽
钱粮词讼
“Xueba”
Imperial examination students
Talents selection
Take all
Money and grain litigation
