摘要
以河北省张家口市崇礼区太子城河流域白桦林(Betula platyphylla Suk)地为试验地,于样地中设置3处100 m×100 m标准样地,每个标准样地设置3个采样点作为重复;用环刀按照土层深度(h)0<h≤5 cm、5 cm<h≤10 cm、10 cm<h≤15 cm、15 cm<h≤20 cm分层采集土样,采用改良的干漏斗装置(Tullgren法)分离土壤动物,参照《中国土壤动物检索图鉴》、《昆虫分类图谱》在显微镜下进行鉴定,依据试验条件鉴定到目或科,部分土壤动物鉴定到纲,统计个体数量;采用单因素方差分析法、最小显著性差异法分析土层及时间对土壤动物群落组成的影响,采用皮尔逊(Pearson)相关性分析法分析中小型土壤动物密度与土壤理化因子的相关性,探索冀北山地白桦林地中小型土壤动物群落格局。结果表明:共采集到中小型土壤动物3019头,隶属于5门12纲37个类群,优势类群为蜱螨目(Arachnoidea)与弹尾目(Collembola),共占总捕获量的85.66%,蜱螨目与弹尾目的个体数之比N(蜱螨目)∶N(弹尾目)为0.92。常见的类群有两类,分别是双翅目(Diptera larvae),占总捕获量6.49%;鞘翅目(Coleoptera larvae),占总捕获量2.32%。腐食性、杂食性土壤动物占优势地位。在垂直分布中,白桦林土壤动物总密度、类群数、优势类群以及4种功能群均表现出明显的表聚性,随土层深度的增加而递减。在时间变化上,8月份白桦林土壤动物密度和类群数最高;弹尾目主要集中在8、9月份,蜱螨目主要集中在8、9、11月份。由皮尔逊相关性分析表明,中小型土壤动物总密度与土壤有机质质量分数呈显著正相关,土壤中各项指标与土壤pH呈负相关。
The field experiments of this study were conducted in the Betula platyphylla forest, located in Taizicheng River catchment in Chongli District, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, China. In B. platyphylla forest, three 100 m×100 m sample plots were established. Three replicate sampling points in each subplot were selected according to the diagonal method. A cutting ring was used to sample soil fauna according to the depth of the soil layer ( h) 0<h ≤5 cm, 5 cm< h ≤10 cm, 10 cm< h ≤15 cm, and 15 cm< h ≤20 cm. Modified Tullgren funnel extractor was used to extract the soil fauna, and then microscopy was used for identification and counting soil fauna. Due to the limited precision of microscopes, some soil fauna were classified into orders or families, and some soil fauna were classified into classes. The identification of soil fauna was based on the bibliography of the Pictorial Keys to Soil Animals of China and Insect Classification Atlas. Repeated one-way ANOVA measurements and the LSD procedure and contrasts with a probability level of 0.05 were performed to analyze the influence of soil layer and time on soil fauna community, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between soil fauna density and soil physicochemical factors in order to study the characteristics of the soil fauna community pattern in the B. platyphylla forest. Totally, 3019 soil fauna were captured that belong to 5 phyla, 12 classes, and 37 groups. Among these soil fauna, Acarian and Collembola were the dominant groups which together accounting for 85.66%. The ratio of Acarian to Collembola was A/C=0.92. There were two common groups, Diptera and Coleoptera, accounting for 6.49% and 2.32% of the total, respectively. Saprobivorous and omnivorous soil fauna predominate. For vertical distribution, the total density and group number of soil fauna, as well as the dominant groups and four functional groups all showed that the surface gathering of vertical distribution was obvious, and showed a decrease trend with the inc
作者
林青霞
张化永
黄头生
封玉
Lin Qingxia;Zhang Huayong;Huang Tousheng;Feng Yu(Research Center for Engineering Ecology and Nonlinear Science,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期97-103,共7页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07101002)。
关键词
白桦林
森林土壤
土壤动物
土壤动物群落
Betula platyphylla forest
Forest soil
Soil fauna
Soil fauna distribution
