摘要
浅埋煤层开采过沟谷区域时如存在关键层缺失的情况,容易引发覆岩结构失稳,并诱发动载矿压显现。以朱家峁煤矿1305-2工作面通过第一条沟谷期间发生的压架事故为研究背景,基于现场踏勘和理论推导,分析了关键层位置以及压架机理,并由此提出了动载矿压防治技术。研究表明:压架事故发生的主要原因为顶板覆岩主关键层局部缺失导致无侧向水平的约束作用力,“砌体梁”结构出现滑落失稳,并以动载形式诱发工作面矿压显现。通过力学推导得出,减小工作面周期来压步距可有效缓解动载矿压显现,并在工作面通过第二条沟谷期间采用深孔爆破和水力压裂联合的防治技术处理工作面顶板岩层,最终周期来压步距由18 m减小为12 m,且未发生压架事故,保证了工作面的安全生产。
When the shallow coal seam is mined through the valley area,if there is a lack of key strata,it is easy to cause the instability of the overburden structure and induce the dynamic mine pressure.Based on the research background of the support crushing accident occurred during the 1305-2 working face of Zhujiamao Coal Mine passing through the first valley,the key strata position and support crushing mechanism were analyzed based on the field survey and theoretical derivation,and the dynamic load mine pressure prevention and control technology was proposed.The research shows that the main reason for the support crushing accident is that there is no lateral horizontal restraint force due to the local loss of the main key strata of the roof overburden rock,the"masonry beam"structure appears to slide and destabilize,and the mine pressure of the working face is induced in the form of dynamic load.Through mechanical derivation,it is concluded that reducing the periodic weighting step of the working face can effectively alleviate the dynamic mine pressure behavior,and the combined prevention and control technology of deep hole blasting and hydraulic fracturing is used to deal with the roof strata of the working face during the working face passing through the second valley.The final periodic weighting step is reduced from 18 m to 12 m,and no support crushing accident occurs,which ensures the safe production of the working face.
作者
郭中安
赵启生
尹聪
GUO Zhongan;ZHAO Qisheng;YIN Cong(Shaanxi Zhongtai Energy Investment Co.,Ltd.)
出处
《现代矿业》
CAS
2023年第1期235-239,共5页
Modern Mining
关键词
浅埋煤层
沟谷
动载矿压
压架
shallow coal seam
valley
dynamic mine pressure
support crushing accident
