摘要
十二水硫酸铝钾[KAl(SO_(4))_(2)·12H_(2)O]具有相变潜热高、价格低廉和安全无毒等优点,是一种来源丰富的中低温无机水合盐相变蓄热材料,可以广泛应用在谷电蓄热、建筑供暖、产品节能、太阳能热利用以及电池热管理等领域。过冷度大与导热系数低等诸多水合盐的共性问题,严重影响了其蓄放热性能。十二水硫酸铝钾的相变温度偏高,将其制备成共晶或非共晶复合相变材料可以降低相变温度,由此扩大应用范围。本文通过对近年来十二水硫酸铝钾相变蓄热材料相关文献的梳理,综述了减小过冷度、提高导热系数以及复合调温的策略,着重阐述了成核剂、导热增强剂以及调温剂对十二水硫酸铝钾热物性能的影响,并介绍了十二水硫酸铝钾及其复合相变材料的主要应用研究情况。最后,对未来相关工作的研究方向进行了展望,包括新型添加剂及其对基材作用机理的探索、大量的熔化-凝固循环后结晶水损失的抑制和热可靠性的保障,以及相关应用领域的进一步拓展,为促进十二水硫酸铝钾相变蓄热材料的发展和实际应用提供借鉴。
Aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate[KAl(SO_(4))_(2)·12H_(2)O]has the advantages of high latent heat,low cost,safety,and nontoxicity.It is a medium-and low-temperature inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material with abundant sources.It can be widely used in valley electricity heat storage,building heating,product energy saving,solar thermal utilization,and battery thermal management.However,widespread issues with many hydrated salts,such as strong subcooling and limited thermal conductivity,severely hampered the effectiveness of heat storage and release.The phase-change temperature of KAl(SO_(4))_(2)·12H_(2)O is a little high,and the preparation of it into eutectic or noneutectic composite PCM can lower the phase-change temperature,thereby increasing the application range.In this paper,the methods of decreasing supercooling,enhancing thermal conductivity,and compound temperature regulation are reviewed by combing through the contemporary literature on KAl(SO_(4))_(2)·12H_(2)O PCM in recent years.The effects of nucleating agents,thermal conductivity enhancers,and temperature adjusting agents on the thermal characteristics of KAl(SO_(4))_(2)·12H_(2)O are emphatically expounded,and the primary applied research of KAl(SO_(4))_(2)·12H_(2)O and its composite PCMs are introduced.Finally,the future research directions of related work prospects,such as the investigation of new additives and their mechanism of action on substrates,the suppression of the loss of crystal water and the assurance of thermal reliability after a large number of meltingsolidification cycles,and the further expansion of related application fields,can serve as a guide for promoting the advancements and practical applications of KAl(SO_(4))_(2)·12H_(2)O PCM.
作者
毛发
章学来
华维三
MAO Fa;ZHANG Xuelai;HUA Weisan(Merchant Marine College,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期120-130,共11页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2018YFD0401300)
上海市科委项目(16040501600)。
关键词
相变材料
十二水硫酸铝钾
蓄热
过冷
导热系数
PCM
aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate
thermal energy storage
supercooling
thermal conductivity
