摘要
拔尖人才培养一直受到世界各国的普遍重视,我国也将其提升到国家重大战略支撑高度。当前,拔尖人才的国际发展趋势已不满足于普遍性的高考选拔人才的模式,如何早出人才、多出人才、出拔尖人才,成为各国教育发展的重要问题。文章对国际社会中流行的拔尖人才概念和四种不同理论模式进行了梳理,对不同国家拔尖人才早期识别和培养的政策与实践进行分类。最后,文章从历史视角整理我国的政策实践,结合我国面临的实际困境与挑战,提出五项拔尖人才早期培养的具体建议。
The cultivation of top-notch talents has been widely valued by most countries across the world,and China has placed it as a key national strategy.Currently,the international development trend of top-notch talents is not satisfied with the general model of selecting talents through college entrance examinations at the age of 18.Thus,how to discern giftedness and talents in early ages and cultivate for their fully development becomes a crucial issue for top-notch talents for many countries.This paper reviews the concept of giftedness and talents and four theoretical models for discerning and cultivating gifted and talents in the early ages and summarizes categories of policies and practices of top-notch talents early-identification and education in USA,UK,Russia,Korea,and Singapore.Insight into the unsolved problems and the challenges we might have,we historically summarize our practical experiences and propose five suggestions on cultivating top-notch talents with Chinese characteristics.
作者
张民选
张馨元
ZHANG Minxuan;ZHANG Xinyuan(Research Institute for International and Comparative Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200233)
出处
《基础教育参考》
2023年第1期3-11,共9页
Basic Education Review
关键词
拔尖人才
各国政策
早期识别与培养
资优儿童
脑科学
中国特色
Top-notch talents
Policies in different countries
Identification and education in early age
Gifted children
Brain science
Chinese characteristics
