摘要
试验旨在评价燕麦制种副产物替代部分玉米对育肥牦牛及围产期牦牛的饲喂效果。试验一:选用2~3岁、体况一致的去势公牦牛(育肥牛) 80头,随机分为4组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头牦牛。各组牦牛分别饲喂传统配方及配方1、配方2、配方3日粮。试验期90 d。结果显示:TMR日粮中燕麦制种副产物添加30%的配方2组(能量12.86 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质13.99%)育肥牦牛的增重达113.6 kg,明显高于传统配方组(能量11.68 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质12.98%);利润达2 734.86元/头,高于传统配方组。试验二:选用3~4岁、体况一致的围产期牦牛100头,随机分为2组,每组50个重复,每个重复1头牦牛。放牧组牦牛传统放牧,补饲组牦牛进行60 d补饲燕麦制种副产物(妊娠前后各30 d)。结果显示:补饲组围产期牦牛日粮中添加燕麦制种副产物51.1%时,犊牛繁活率提高16%,出生重增加3.9 kg/头,产奶量增加499.5 g/(头·d),利润增加421.79元/头。研究表明,燕麦制种副产物可较好地替代部分育肥期和围产期牦牛日粮中的玉米,对牦牛的生产性能及养殖经济效益效果较好。
The experiment was to evaluate the effect of oat seed by-products replacing part of corn on feeding of fattening yaks and perinatal female yaks. In experiment 1, a total of 80 castrated male yaks(fattening cattle) with the same body condition and average age of 2 to 3-year-old were randomly divided into four groups, with 20 replicates in each group and one yak in each replicate. Yaks in each group were fed with traditional formula and formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3 diets respectively. The by-product of oat seed production was used to replace part of corn to regulate the energy and protein level of the whole diet. The experiment lasted for 90 d. The results showed that with the addition of 30% oat seed by-product in TMR diet, the weight gain of fattening yak in formula 2 group(energy 12.86 MJ/kg, crude protein13.99%) was 113.6 kg, which was obviously higher than that in traditional formula group(energy 11.68 MJ/kg, crude protein 12.98%), and the profit reached 2 734.86 yuan/head, which was higher than the traditional formula group. In experiment 2, a total of 100 perinatal female yaks with the same body condition aged 3 to 4-year-old were randomly divided into two groups, with 50 replicates in each group and one yak in each replicate. The female yaks in the grazing group were fed for 60 d(30 d before and after gestation). In the perinatal female yak diet supplemented with oat seed byproduct of 51.1%, calf reproductive viability increased by 16%, birth weight increased by 3.9 kg/head, milk yield increased by 499.5 g/(head·d), and profit increased by 421.79 yuan/head. The study indicates that the by-products of oat seed production can well replace some corn of yak fattening and perinatal yak, and has a good effect on production performance and economic benefits of yak breeding.
作者
王廷艳
晁文菊
薛斌
薛万超
王轲
乔赛毛措
郝力壮
WANG Ting-yan;CHAO Wen-ju;XUE Bin;XUE Wan-chao;WANG Ke;QIAO Sai-mao-cuo;HAO Li-zhuang
出处
《饲料研究》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第22期15-18,共4页
Feed Research
基金
青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”拔尖人才项目(项目编号:2020)
青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室(项目编号:2022-ZJ-Y17)
青海省“昆仑英才·乡村振兴”项目(项目编号:2022)。
关键词
燕麦制种副产物
玉米
牦牛
生产性能
经济效益
oat seed by-products
corn
yak
production performance
economic benefits
