摘要
目的分析本院老年心血管系统疾病治疗用药的药品不良反应(ADR)/不良事件(ADE),提出有效防范心血管系统疾病治疗用药ADR/ADE问题的安全性警戒防范措施。方法选择90例老年心血管系统疾病患者所用药物的ADR/ADE情况进行安全性问题分析。对患者年龄、性别、用药过敏情况、转归、给药途径、主要症状、药理作用与涉药类别、化药分布及药性(成分)特征、高频药物并用情况等进行研究分析和数据挖掘,同时基于Apriori关联规则进行并用药物关联分析。结果90例老年心血管系统疾病患者的治疗用药中,共涉及62种药物。患者年龄60~85岁,其中65~80岁最多,共74例(82.22%);12例(13.33%)患者发生过敏;主要给药途径为静脉滴注73例(81.11%),其次是口服15例(16.67%),皮下注射2例(2.22%);主要症状为皮疹62例(68.89%),瘙痒18例(20.00%),过敏10例(11.11%)。因注射剂所引起的心外血管损害、全身性皮肤损害较多;90例患者中,18例(20.00%)存在并用药物现象,并用药物总频次高达53次;多索茶碱并用氨溴索注射液并用链接数最多出现5次,静脉注射银杏达莫注射液并用前列地尔注射液并用链接数最多仅出现2次。结论临床给药应更加关注老年心血管系统疾病患者年龄和基础疾病状况,通过多途径给药,减少或杜绝药品ADR/ADE发生,同时应掌握药品药性、药物耐受情况及药物过敏史等,根据老年患者体内的血药浓度、血浆半衰期长短以及不同药物的剂型等确定具体用药时间、给药剂量以及具体用法等,尽可能减少药品ADR/ADE的影响。
Objective To analyze the adverse drug reaction(ADR)/adverse drug event(ADE)of drugs used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly in our hospital,so as to propose safety pharmacovigilance to effectively prevent ADR/ADE problems of drugs used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Methods The ADR/ADE profile of drugs used in 90 elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases was selected for analysis of safety issues.Age,gender,drug allergy,regression,route of administration,main symptoms,pharmacological effects and drug categories,chemical drug distribution and pharmacological(composition)characteristics,high frequency drug use were studied,analyzed and data mined,while drug association analysis was performed based on Apriori association rules.Results A total of 62 drugs were involved in the treatment of 90 elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases.Patients were aged 60-85 years,with the largest number aged 65-80 years,a total of 74 cases(82.22%);allergy occurred in 12 cases(13.33%);the main route of administration was intravenous drip in 73 cases(81.11%),followed by oral administration in 15 cases(16.67%)and subcutaneous injection in 2 cases(2.22%);the main symptoms were rash in 62 cases(68.89%),pruritus in 18 cases(20.00%)and allergy in 10 cases(11.11%).The extracardiac vascular damage and systemic skin damage caused by injections were more frequent;among 90 patients,18 cases(20.00%)had the phenomenon of using drugs together,and the total frequency of using drugs together was as high as 53 times;the maximum number of linkage of doxofylline with ambroxol injection was 5 times,and the maximum number of linkage of intravenous ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injection with alprostadil injection was only 2 times.Conclusion Clinical drug administration should pay more attention to the age and underlying disease status of elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases,and reduce or eliminate the occurrence of drug ADR/ADE through multiple routes of drug administration.At the same time,the
作者
胡杰
HU Jie(Department of Pharmacy,Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xuzhou 221000,China)
出处
《中国现代药物应用》
2023年第2期153-155,共3页
Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application
关键词
老年心血管系统疾病
不良反应/不良事件
合理用药
警戒防范
Cardiovascular diseases in the elderly
Adverse drug reactions/adverse drug events
Rational drug use
Pharmacovigilance
