摘要
零工经济的快速发展带来了就业方式的改变,使劳动关系被重新界定。但以“灵活性”和“自主性”吸引众多劳动者参与的零工劳动在实际中未必能够实现完全的灵活自由,而是根据零工工作的不同类型表现出了不同的特性。从零工经济劳动力市场内部入手,可将其归纳为劳动密集型零工、技能型零工及知识型零工三种类型,再从灵活性、保障性、劳动过程控制等要素方面对其进行比较分析发现,劳动密集型零工呈现出低灵活性—低保障性—高控制性的特征,技能型零工次之,知识型零工则表现为高灵活性—高保障性—弱控制性的特征。因此,应从规范平台运营、完善法律法规、加强社会保障制度建设、提升零工经济劳动者技能和抗风险能力等方面来促进零工经济劳动力市场的健康、可持续发展。
The widespread development of the gig economy has brought about changes in employment practices and redefined labor relations.However,gig work,which attracts many workers with“flexibility”and“autonomy”,does not achieve complete flexibility and freedom in practice,but shows different characteristics according to different types of gig jobs.In this regard,this paper starts from the internal labor market of the gig work economy,and concludes it into three types:labor-intensive gig,skilled gig and slash-type gig job.Then,this essay comparatively analyzes the flexibility,security,labor process control and other elements.The results show that labor-intensive gig work is characterized by low flexibility,low security and high control,skilled gigs works is second,and slash-type gig jobs are characterized by high flexibility,high security and weak control.Finally,based on the above analysis,this paper argues that the healthy and sustainable development of gig economy labor market should be promoted from the aspects of standardizing the operation of the platform,improving laws and regulations,accelerating the construction of social security system,and improving skills and anti-risk ability of gig economy workers.
作者
赖德胜
关棋月
LAI De-sheng;GUAN Qi-yue
出处
《北京社会科学》
北大核心
2023年第1期66-75,共10页
Social Sciences of Beijing
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(22ZDA094)——实现更加充分、更高质量就业研究。
关键词
零工经济
劳动力市场
劳动关系
灵活就业
gig economy
labor market
labor relations
flexible employment
