摘要
为了解温台渔场产卵场保护区游泳动物群落结构现状,并探究环境因子对游泳动物空间分布的影响,分别于2019年春季(4月)和秋季(10月)对该海域进行了渔业资源底拖网调查。结果表明:两个季次调查共捕获游泳动物66种,其中,鱼类34种,虾类14种,蟹类13种,虾蛄类2种,头足类3种;龙头鱼Harpodon nehereus和三疣梭子蟹Portunus trituberculatus在春、秋季均为优势种,口虾蛄Oratosquilla oratoria仅在秋季为优势种;聚类分析(CLUSTER)与非度量多维标度(NMDS)排序分析显示,游泳动物群落在春、秋两季均可分为3组;SIMPER分析显示,春季组间相异性贡献率最高的是鳀Engraulis japonicus、刀鲚Coilia nasus、三疣梭子蟹和龙头鱼,秋季是鮸Miichthys miiuy、三疣梭子蟹、棘头梅童鱼Collichthys lucidus和龙头鱼;ANOSIM检验显示,春、秋季游泳动物群落结构具有极显著性差异(P<0.01);db-RDA分析显示,三疣梭子蟹、龙头鱼、口虾蛄和棘头梅童鱼与环境因子之间均存在显著相关性(P<0.01),底层温度、水深、表层盐度和底层盐度对优势种和重要种分布的累计解释率为21.87%。研究表明,温台渔场产卵场保护区及其附近海域游泳动物资源出现种类减少、资源衰退的趋势,季节间游泳动物群落结构有较明显的变动,底层温度、水深、表层盐度和底层盐度对游泳动物群落结构具有显著性影响。
In order to learn about the condition of nekton resources and reveal the impact of environmental factors on the spatial distribution of nekton in the spawning ground reserve of Wentai fishing ground, nekton community structure and relationship with environmental factors were monitored by a bottom trawl along the environment in April(spring) and October(autumn), 2019. A total of 66 species of nekton were captured in the two seasons, including 34 species of fish, 14 species of shrimp, 13 species of crab, 2 species of Squilla and 3 species of cephalopods, with dominant species of bombay duck Harpodon nehereus and swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus in spring and autumn, and mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria only in autumn. The cluster analysis(CLUSTER) and non-measured multi-dimensional scale sequencing(NMDS) analysis revealed that the nekton community was divided into 3 communities in spring and autumn. SIMPER analysis showed that the highest contribution rates of dissimilarity among groups were Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus, tapertail anchovy Coilia nasus, swimming crab and bombay duck in spring;there were miiuy croaker Miichthys miiuy, swimming crab, spinyhead croaker Collichthys lucidus and bombay duck in autumn. The ANOSIM test demonstrated that the nekton community structure was very significantly different in the two seasons(P<0.01). Distance-based redundancy analysis(db-RDA) maked it clear that bombay duck, swimming crab, spinyhead croaker and mantis shrimp had very significant correlation with environmental factors(P<0.01). The cumulative interpretation rate of bottom temperature, water depth, surface salinity and bottom salinity on the distribution of dominant and important species was found to be 21.87%. The findings show that the species of nekton in the spawning ground reserve of Wentai fishing ground are decreasing and the resources are declining, with obvious changes in the community structure of nekton between the seasons;that bottom temperature, depth, bottom salinity and surface salinit
作者
章凯
王晶
胡成业
张丽源
周泽宇
水柏年
ZHANG Kai;WANG Jing;HU Chengye;ZHANG Liyuan;ZHOU Zeyu;SHUI Bonian(College of Fisheries,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1032-1039,共8页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C02047)
浙江省省属高校基本科研业务费项目(2021J003)
浙江省自然科学基金(LQ21C030006)。
