摘要
为给山东省夏玉米籽粒机械化收获提供理论依据和技术支持,本试验于2021年以郑单958、郑单309、京农科728和华皖267为试材,设置6.0万株/hm^(2)(D_(1))、7.5万株/hm^(2)(D_(2))和9.0万株/hm^(2)(D_(3))3个密度处理,研究种植密度对不同基因型夏玉米倒伏率、收获时籽粒含水率、茎腐病病株率和产量等机收性状的影响,并利用信息熵权法对种植密度与不同基因型夏玉米机收性状特性之间的关系进行综合评价。结果表明,供试玉米品种的倒伏率随着密度增加而显著增加,由D_(2)增加至D_(3)的倒伏率及其升幅均大于D_(1)增加至D_(2);密度由D_(1)增加至D_(2),收获时玉米籽粒含水率随着密度增加而显著降低,茎腐病病株率变化不显著,产量显著增加;密度由D_(2)增加至D_(3),籽粒含水率降幅虽小但亦达到显著水平,茎腐病病株率显著升高,产量略降。品种间相比较,郑单309和京农科728的倒伏率最低;华皖267和京农科728收获时籽粒含水率最低;郑单958茎腐病病株率最低;京农科728产量最高。种植密度水平上比较,D_(2)宜机收性状综合评价值最高;品种间比较,京农科728宜机收性状综合评价值最高;种植密度和品种间互作相比较,京农科728与D_(2)组合宜机收性状综合评价值最高,即京农科728采用D_(2)种植密度适宜在山东夏玉米籽粒机收区推广。
In order to provide theoretical bases and technical supports for mechanized harvest of summer maize in Shandong Province, Zhengdan 958, Zhengdan 309, Jingnongke 728 and Huawan 267 were used as materials to study the effects of planting density [60 000 plants/hm^(2)(D_(1)), 75 000 plants/hm^(2)(D_(2)) and 90 000 plants/hm^(2)(D_(3))] on lodging rate, grain moisture content at harvest time, disease rate of stem rot and yield of different genotypes of summer maize. The relationships between planting density and mechanized harvest properties of different genotypes of summer maize were also comprehensively evaluated by using information entropy weight method. The results showed that the lodging rate increasing significantly with the increase of planting density, and it and its increasing range from D_(2)to D_(3)were greater than those from D_(1)to D_(2). With the density increasing from D_(1)to D_(2), the grain moisture content of maize at harvest time decreased significantly, the change of diseased plant rate of root rot was not significant, and the yield increasing significantly. With the density increased from D_(2)to D_(3), the grain moisture content decreased slightly but also reached a significant level, the disease plant rate of stem rot increased significantly, and the yield decreased slightly. Compared among varieties, Zhengdan 309 and Jingnongke 728 had the lowest lodging rate, Huawan 267 and Jingnongke 728 had the lowest grain moisture content at harvest time, Zhengdan 958 had the lowest diseased plant rate of stem rot, and Jingnongke 728 had the highest yield. Compared among planting densities, the comprehensive evaluation value of D_(2)was the highest suitable for mechanical harvesting. Compared among varieties, the comprehensive evaluation value of Jingnongke 728 was the highest. The results of interaction between planting density and variety showed that the comprehensive evaluation value of Jingnongke 728 and D_(2)Combination was the highest, that was, Jingnongke 728 with the planting density of 75 000
作者
张莉
王晶
周筑南
孔德洲
Zhang Li;Wang Jing;Zhou Zhunan;Kong Dezhou(College of Information Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2022年第12期37-44,共8页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GGX101024)。
关键词
种植密度
夏玉米
品种
宜机收特性
熵权法
Planting density
Summer maize
Variety
Mechanized harvest properties
Entropy weight method
