摘要
颠覆性技术能够造就新的经济增长点、抢占科技制高点,是关乎国家竞争力和国际地位的关键,但也产生新的风险,并带来创新异化、规制崩溃、过度遵从、信息赤字等挑战。目前中国对颠覆性技术在宏观上采取多种类激励型制度安排促进其发展,中观上尝试展开风险预防导向的立法,但微观上以约谈为措施的规制行动无法有效预判颠覆性技术的风险,亟待与之适应的规制体系。应对颠覆性技术挑战,中国应当贯彻包容审慎监管理念、搭建公私主体合作规制、主动推进规制时序演进,进而依据问题、规制任务将颠覆性技术规制划分早期阶段、实验阶段、准立法阶段、正式立法阶段,并在每个阶段适用特性各异的规制工具,在防范风险的前提下保障颠覆性技术的健康发展。
Disruptive technology can create new economic growth points and obtain the leading strategic position in research and development,which is the key to national competitiveness and international status.However,it also generates new risks and challenges such as innovation alienation,regulatory disruption,excessive obedience and information deficit.At present,China adopts a variety of incentive institutional arrangements to promote the development of disruptive technology on the macro level and tries to carry out risk-prevention oriented legislation on the medium level.However,the micro-level regulatory action based on interview cannot effectively predict the risks of disruptive technology,so it is urgent to adapt to the regulatory system.To deal with the challenge of disruptive technology,China should implement the concept of inclusive and prudent supervision,build the cooperative regulation of public and private subjects,actively promote the evolution of regulation time sequence,and then divide the regulation of disruptive technology into early stage,experimental stage,quasi-legislative stage and formal legislative stage according to problems and regulatory tasks,and apply regulatory tools with different characteristics in each stage to ensure the healthy development of disruptive technology on the premise of preventing risks.
作者
闫海
王天依
Yan Hai;Wang Tianyi(Law School,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110136,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第1期58-68,共11页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
辽宁省社会科学规划基金重点学科建设项目“统一大市场背景下的公平竞争审查法治建设研究”(L22ZD060)
辽宁省高等学校创新人才支持计划“基于药品可及性的我国药事法治研究”(WR2019014)。
关键词
颠覆性技术
触发式监管
沙盒监管
规制时序
规制工具
Disruptive technology
Triggered regulation
Regulatory sandbox
Regulation time sequence
Regulatory tool
