摘要
变化环境下研究提出可以维持黄河下游河道与滩区稳定的泥沙处置方案对黄河下游乃至流域治理具有重要指导作用。通过实测资料分析、数学模型等手段,分析入黄泥沙的时空分布变化,认为三门峡水库建成后的3个水库运用阶段输沙入海是泥沙处置的主导方式,小浪底水库建成后变为以水库拦沙为主导,大型水库是影响泥沙空间分布及河道冲淤的重要因子;黄河年均来沙8亿、6亿、3亿t情景,黄河下游无法实现河道和滩区稳定,拟定了5个泥沙处置方案,通过分析评价得到最优方案,即古贤、桃花峪水+库滩区生态治理方案,建设古贤水库可以基本实现黄河下游50a河床不淤高,滩区生态治理能够消除“二级悬河”,加上桃花峪水库可显著提高滩区防洪标准,综合评价该方案最优。
Under the changing environment, the study puts forward the sediment disposal scheme that can maintain the stability of the lowerreaches of the Yellow River and the floodplain to meet the requirements of the new situation, which plays an important guiding role in thecontrol of the lower reaches of the Yellow River and even the watershed. Through the analysis of measured data and mathematical models, thispaper analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution changes of sediment entering into the Yellow River. It is considered that after the comple⁃tion of Sanmenxia Reservoir, the sediment discharge into the sea during the three reservoir operation stages is dominant, but after the comple⁃tion of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, the sediment retaining in reservoir is dominant. Large reservoirs are important factors affecting the spatial distri⁃bution of sediment and the scouring and silting of the river channel. Under the scenario of 800 million to 300 million tons of incoming sedi⁃ment of the Yellow River, the lower reaches of the Yellow River cannot achieve the stability of the river channel and the floodplain. Five sedi⁃ment disposal schemes have been proposed. Through calculation, analysis and evaluation, the optimal scheme has been obtained, that is,Guxian and Taohuayu reservoirs plus floodplain ecological management scheme. The construction of Guxian Reservoir can basically realizethat the riverbed of the lower reaches of the Yellow River will not be silted up for 50 years, and the floodplain ecological management caneliminate the secondary suspended river, in addition, the Taohuayu Reservoir can significantly improve the flood control standard for flood⁃plain, so the comprehensive evaluation of the scheme is the best.
作者
鲁俊
吴默溪
安催花
梁艳洁
陈翠霞
LU Jun;WU Moxi;AN Cuihua;LIANG Yanjie;CHEN Cuixia(Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin of Ministry of Water Resources(Under Construction),Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第1期30-35,共6页
Yellow River
基金
河南省青年人才托举工程项目(2022HYTP022)
-黄委优秀人才科技项目(HQK 202319)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402503)。
关键词
滩区
稳定
泥沙处置
方案评价
黄河下游
floodplain
stability
sediment disposal
scheme evaluation
lower reaches of Yellow River
