摘要
“人力车夫”是“五四”文学中频繁出现的人物形象,体现了当时以“劳工神圣”为口号的平民主义思潮。然而在为劳苦大众代言的左翼文学中,“人力车夫”却失去了象征意义,几乎消失于人物形象谱系。这一方面是因为20世纪30年代上海人力车夫的生存实景与左翼文学致力于塑造的“工农大众”差异甚大,另一方面是因为左翼革命观念无法对该群体亟待解决的社会救济问题予以积极回应,因而将其冷落至话语边缘。20世纪50年代《骆驼祥子》的删改过程反映了阶级论思维对劳动者形象的一种形塑方式,“人道主义”引发的争议也在话语层面暴露了左翼文艺建构自身逻辑的语言学难题。
A recurring image in May Fourth literature,“the rickshaw puller”embodied the populist trend of advocating the idea of“sacred labor.”However,in left-wing literature that spoke for the hard-working masses,the symbolic relevance of“the rickshaw puller”diminished to the extent that such figures almost disappeared from the genealogy of fictional images.On the one hand,this resulted from the gap between the actual living conditions of Shanghai rickshaw pullers in the 1930 s and the“workers and peasants”created in left-wing literature.On the other hand,it had something do to with the left-wing revolutionary ideas’inadequacy to respond positively to the urgent issue of the rickshaw pullers’social relief,hence the marginalization of them in literary discourse.The revision and deletion of Camel Xiangzi in the 1950 s reflected the impact of class theory on the formation of the image of laborer.The debate over humanitarianism exposed,on the discursive level,the problem within the self-constructed revolutionary logic of left-wing literature and art.
作者
康馨
Kang Xin(the School of Literature and Journalism at Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,Inner Mongolia,China)
出处
《文艺理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第6期145-152,共8页
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
关键词
人力车夫
左翼文学
大众
革命
the rickshaw puller
left-wing literature
the masses
revolution
