摘要
【目的】明确引起栝楼果实腐烂病的病原菌种类并筛选其有效防治药剂。【方法】2019—2020年采集安徽省大别山区的栝楼果实腐烂病样品,采用组织分离法获得35株分离物,利用柯赫氏法则验证其致病性,依据菌株形态学特征和多基因序列分析确定病原菌种类;采用菌丝生长速率法测定7种杀菌剂的室内毒力。【结果】共分离纯化得到4种不同菌落形态特征的菌株,经柯赫氏法则验证均为栝楼果实腐烂病病原菌,经形态学观察和分子系统发育分析,确定引起栝楼果实腐烂病的病原菌分别为藤仓镰孢菌Fusarium fujikuroi、层出镰孢菌F.proliferatum、果生刺盘孢Colletotrichum fructicola和辽宁刺盘孢C.liaoningense,分离频率依次为31.4%、8.6%、20.0%和40.0%。室内毒力测定结果表明,咪鲜胺、咯菌腈、苯醚甲环唑、氰烯菌酯和百菌清对F.fujikuroi和F.proliferatum的抑制效果较好,EC50为0.104 6~5.178 1μg/mL;咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和咯菌腈对C.fructicola和C.liaoningense的抑制效果较好,EC50为0.009 7~2.132 5μg/mL。【结论】栝楼果实腐烂病主要由镰孢菌属和刺盘孢属真菌侵染引起,咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和咯菌腈对引起该病害的病原菌具有较好的抑制效果。
【Objective】To clarify the pathogen causing Trichosanthes kirilowii fruit rot and screen effective fungicides for controlling the disease.【Method】Samples of rot fruit from T.kirilowii plants were collected from Dabie Mountain Areas,Anhui Province in 2019—2020.A total of 35 representative isolates were obtained by tissue isolation.The pathogenicity was verified according to the Koch’s postulate,and the causal agents were identified based on the morphological characteristics and multilocus sequence analysis.The indoor toxicity of seven fungicides against the pathogen was detected by the mycelium growth rate method.【Result】Colonies with four different morphological characteristics were isolated and purified.The isolates were confirmed to be pathogenic to the fruit of T.kirilowii according to the Koch’s postulate.They were identified as Fusarium fujikuroi,F.proliferatum,Colletotrichum fructicola and C.liaoningense by combining morphological characteristics with phylogenetic analysis,with isolation frequencies of 31.4%,8.6%,20.0% and 40.0% respectively.In addition,the indoor toxicity test results indicated that prochloraz,fludioxonil,difenoconazole phenamacril and chlorothalonil had better inhibitory effect against F.fujikuroi and F.proliferatum,with EC50ranging from 0.104 6 to 5.178 1μg/mL.Prochloraz,fludioxonil and difenoconazole had better inhibitory effect against C.fructiicola and C.liaoningense with EC50ranging from 0.009 7 to 2.132 5μg/mL.【Conclusion】The causal agents associated with fruit rot disease on T.kirilowii are Fusarium spp.and Colletotrichum spp.Prochloraz,fludioxonil and difenoconazole all show good inhibitory activity against the pathogens.
作者
王倩
童睿
檀根甲
张立新
WANG Qian;TONG Rui;TAN Genjia;ZHANG Lixin(College of Plant Protection/Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300381,China)
出处
《华南农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期270-279,共10页
Journal of South China Agricultural University
基金
安徽省科技重大专项(18030701211)
天津市农业科学院青年科技创新项目(2021023)
安徽省重点研究与开发计划(202104b11020006)。
关键词
栝楼
果实腐烂病
镰孢菌属
刺盘孢属
致病性
药剂筛选
Trichosanthes kirilowii
Fruit rot disease
Fusarium
Colletotrichum
Pathogenicity
Fungicide screening
