摘要
目的了解2016—2020年江西省城市饮用水水质基本状况和变化趋势。方法2016—2020年在江西省11个设区市、98~100个区县共1439个监测点开展水质监测,涵盖市政集中式供水和自建设施集中式供水的出厂水、末梢水,以及二次供水,每年的丰水期和枯水期各监测一次。分别依据《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)、《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行水质的检测和评价。结果2016—2020年江西省城市饮用水总达标率达92.47%,各年达标率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=322.92,P<0.05);丰、枯水期总达标率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.81,P>0.05);市政集中式供水达标率>自建设施集中式供水,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=290.79,P<0.05);市政集中式供水的末梢水达标率>出厂水>二次供水,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=164.25,P<0.05);自建设施集中式供水的出厂水和末梢水达标率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.30,P>0.05);地表水源和地下水源的水质达标率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.03,P<0.05),地下水源水样锰和游离氯达标率均低于地表水源,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经供水单位混凝、沉淀、过滤、消毒处理和仅消毒处理的水样达标率高于沉淀过滤处理、不处理水样,差异有统计学意义(调整后P<0.05)。微生物指标和消毒剂指标为影响江西省城市饮用水质量的主要因素。结论江西省城市生活饮用水达标率呈逐年上升趋势,但仍需加强自建设施集中式供水和二次供水的卫生监管,强化水质处理,做好水源消毒净化工作,重点关注微生物指标及消毒剂指标,防范介水传染病的发生。
Objective To investigate the basic situation and changing trend of urban drinking water quality in Jiangxi Province,China,in 2016—2020,and to provide a basis for strengthening drinking water safety management.Methods From 2016 to 2020,water quality monitoring was conducted in 1439 monitoring sites in 11 district-level cities and 98-100 districts and counties in Jiangxi Province,which covered the finished water and terminal water from municipal centralized water supply and centralized water supply with self-built facilities,as well as secondary water supply.Water samples were collected twice a year in wet season and dry season,respectively.Water quality was detected and evaluated according to the Standard Examination Method for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750-2006)and the Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2006),respectively.Results From 2016 to 2020,the overall qualified rate of samples was 92.47%for urban drinking water in Jiangxi Province,with a gradual increase year by year(χ^(2)_(trend)=322.92,P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the overall qualified rates of water samples between the wet season and the dry season(χ^(2)=3.81,P>0.05).Water samples had a significantly higher qualified rates in municipal centralized water supply than those in centralized water supply with self-built facilities(χ^(2)=290.79,P<0.05).For municipal centralized water supply,terminal water had the highest qualified rate,followed by finished water and secondary water supply(χ^(2)=164.25,P<0.05),while for centralized water supply with self-built facilities,there was no significant difference in the rate of reaching the standard between finished water and terminal water(χ^(2)=1.30,P>0.05).There was a significant difference in the qualified rates between surface water source and underground water source(χ^(2)=9.03,P<0.05),and the qualified rates of manganese and free chlorine of samples from underground water source were significantly lower than those from surface water source(P<0.05).The water samples treated wi
作者
何文鑫
付俊杰
何加芬
卢飞豹
徐岷
江文斌
HE Wen-xin;FU Jun-jie;HE Jia-fen;LU Fei-bao;XU Min;JIANG Wen-bin(Jiangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchang 330029,China;School of Public Health,Nanchang University)
出处
《环境卫生学杂志》
2022年第11期815-820,共6页
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
基金
江西省卫生计生委科技计划(20162002)。
关键词
生活饮用水
城市
水质监测
drinking water
city
water quality monitoring
