摘要
寨堡是福建环戴云山地区村民、乡族大量兴建的大型集合式、防御性乡土建筑,应对明清时期社会动乱以保障生命财产安全的时代产物。通过历史文献查阅和田野调查参证可知:寨堡的公共性是以营建方式和产权归属为依据,通过地缘契约合作、血缘氏族共建和官方推崇把制,明显具有地缘和血缘结合的特征;进而通过防御、仪式和教育等公共事务组织,加强巩固乡权、族权、神权三权合一的集中控制形式。基于此,分别从建造规模、防御工事、空间布局等方面分析闽中大田、尤溪和永泰地区寨堡公共空间的地域性特征和区别。以期对乡土建筑文化遗产的价值认识和保护传承具有借鉴意义。
Zhaibao are large-scale collective and defensive vernacular buildings built by villagers and clans in the Daiyun mountain area of Fujian Province.They are era products of coping with social unrest in the Ming and Qing Dynasties to ensure the safety of life and property.Through historical literature review and field investigation,it can be seen that large defensive vernacular buildings are the physical space barriers for local forces to defend the safety of personal and clan life and property.The ruling class such as bureaucrats and landlords can maintain long-term social stability,and villagers can organize production activities to secure their lives,so as to meet the interests of all parties and further consolidate the relationship between the township and clans.Therefore,building Zhaibao become an effective way for villagers and clans to protect themselves and maintain group interests.The public attribute of Z haibao is based on its construction and investment methods as well as nature of supervision and service subjects,that is,its“public”coverage boundary is determined by property rights and use rights.Their public attributes are based on and established in three forms,namely,geographical contract cooperation,blood clan co-construction and official praise system,which obviously has the characteristics of combination of geography and blood.Through the organization of public affairs such as public defense,ritual activities and public education,the collective public affairs organization of rural people is restricted and disciplined,so as to form the rules for the use of public spaces in the defense of rural interior,and strengthen and consolidate the centralized control form of the integration of township rights,clan rights and divine rights.Based on the organizational form of public affairs,the public spaces of Zhaibao can be divided into ritual spaces,courtyard spaces and path spaces,which play their respective public functions.The ritual spaces include the hall spaces of different positions,which mainly u
作者
张兵华
赵亚琛
李建军
ZHANG Binghua;ZHAO Yachen;LI Jianjun
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
CSCD
2022年第6期144-150,共7页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52208013)
福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2022J05126)
福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(科技类)(JAT210037)。
关键词
寨堡
地缘
血缘
公共空间
戴云山
Zhaibao
Geopolitical Relationship
Blood Relationship
Public Space
Dayun Mountain
