摘要
作为人们交往行为预期机制的法律,其预期能力的大小与立法预设息息相关。立法过程有三个位阶的立法方法,其中一阶立法方法用来认识和解决事物关系的规定性,并把所认识到的规定性赋予法律预期;二阶立法方法用来在多元对立的价值和事实中,通过交涉辩驳,借助或包容、或选择/排除、或设定价值与事实的效力位阶,安排法律的价值和事实预期;三阶立法方法则针对既定法律预期的缺陷(模糊、冲突或空缺),在立法上设置救济方案,进而在实践中逐渐完善法律预期,提高法律预期能力。显然,一阶立法方法通过“真”来“加持”法律预期;二阶立法方法通过“善”来“加持”法律预期;三阶立法方法则通过“美”来“加持”法律预期。
Law is an anticipatory mechanism for people's communicative behavior.People believe that as long as they accept and obey the law,the law will fulfill the rights and obligations it gives,which is defined as legal anticipation.Legal anticipation is the unity of the objective prescriptiveness of law and people's subjective acceptance or obedience to law.And its anticipated capacity is closely related to the legislative presumptions.The so-called legal anticipatory capacity is that the legislator gives the law to regulate and adjust people's behavior in a clear,stable,fair and orderly way when legislating.And the legal anticipation pre-determination is the activity of the legislative subject to summarize,simulate,reflect and express the prescriptive nature of the relationship of things through words.However,the normative pre-determination of legislation is always closely related to the legislative method.Specifically,in the legislative process,there are three orders of legislative methods,in which the first-order legislative method is used to recognize and resolve the prescriptiveness of the relationship of things and to assign the recognized prescriptiveness to legal expectations.In this method,the experience of the legislator may be both direct and indirect.Together,they constitute the premise on which the legislator creates,amends,complements,or refines legal expectations.On this premise,the legislator must also follow certain values and technical standards in order to more appropriately presuppose,revise,improve,and complement legal expectations.The second-order legislative method is used to arrange the value and factual expectations of the law through bargaining and arguing among multiple opposing values and facts,and to reduce the inevitable problem of conflicting legal expectations brought about by legislating directly according to the prescriptiveness of the relationship of things without discrimination and selection.The second-order legislative method is manifested in three aspects:the principle of tolerance
出处
《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第1期113-127,195,共16页
Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition
关键词
法律预期能力
立法预设
一阶立法方法
二阶立法方法
三阶立法方法
Legal anticipatory capacity
Legal presumptions
First-order legislative method
Second-order legislative method
Third-order legislative method
