摘要
《史记·十二诸侯年表》以周厉王出奔次年为纪年之始,凸显了周厉王在《史记》叙事体系中的重要地位。司马迁之所以如此安排,是因为其在汉代《公羊》学“拨乱世而反诸正”及“大一统”尊王思想的影响下,希望仿照孔子修撰《春秋》的行为,在所撰史著中呈现出由乱达治的历史运动过程。司马迁在凸显周王室“天下共主”政治地位的同时,又不得不面对并忠实记录春秋以来周王室丧失上述地位的历史现实。为缓和观念与事实分离所形成的张力,司马迁又从西汉王朝承秦而来这一实际状况出发,将春秋战国时期僻居西陲的秦国列为《史记》十二本纪之一,以春秋以来秦国的纪年上接西周王年,从而在历史书写中倡导并践行了“以秦继周”的历史观。
The Shi Ji’s annals started from the next year of King Li of Zhou’s leaving.This incident underlined the status of King Li of Zhou in Shi Ji.The reason that Si-ma Qian put King Li of Zhou on this status was that he was deeply affected by the Gongyang school in the Western Han Dynasty.Si-ma Qian wanted to compose a historical work that would reflect the process of historical movements which came from unrest to harmony,the way Confucius composed Chunqiu.Si-ma Qian had to face and record the historical reality that the Zhou royal family had lost the political status of“co-ruler of the world”since the Spring and Autumn period.Si-ma Qian combined historical facts,and placed Qin into the Benji of Shi Ji.This incident represented the historical view that the Qin State inherited the Western Zhou.
作者
范静静
FAN Jingjing(Advanced Institute for Confucian Studies,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《武陵学刊》
2023年第1期116-122,共7页
Journal of Wuling
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“多卷本《20世纪中国史学通史》”(17ZDA196)。
关键词
《史记》
《公羊》学
厉世政治
以秦继周
大一统
Shi Ji
Gongyang school
political situation in the period of King Li
the Qin State inherited Western Zhou
grand unification
