摘要
采用生态系统变化幅度、变化率及景观格局指数分析兰白经济区2010-2020年景观生态系统格局演变特征,定量分析各驱动因素对生态系统类型变化的贡献,对优化区域土地利用格局,降低城镇发展生态风险,促进兰白经济区生态保护和高质量发展具有重要意义。结果表明:1)兰白经济区景观生态系统以草地、农田为主,约占64%,其次为裸地和灌丛,约占20%,森林、湿地、荒漠占比相对较小。研究期内草地和耕地均减少了150 km^(2),城镇和裸地分别增加了212 km^(2)和60 km^(2)。2)景观生态系统格局整体破碎化程度加剧,生态系统完整性下降。草地破碎化加剧最为明显,增加斑块数量约占研究区斑块总增加数量的97%。3)主要生态系统类型之间相互转换面积420.58 km^(2),主要表现为耕地、稀疏草地、裸地向居住地、工矿交通用地的转换。4)城镇化建设是兰白经济区景观生态系统格局演变的首要驱动因素,贡献率为53.38%,土地退化是第2驱动因素,贡献率为31.09%,农业开发和生态保护与修复贡献率分别为9.39%和6.14%。
Urbanization construction is one of the main driving factors leading to the changes of the regional landscape ecosystem pattern.The change range,rate of change and landscape pattern index of the ecosystem were used to analyze the evolution characteristics of the landscape ecosystem pattern in the Lanzhou-Baiyin economic zone from 2010 to 2020.Quantitative analysis of the contribution of various driving factors to ecosystem changes is of great significance for optimizing regional land use patterns,reducing ecological risks in urban development,and promoting ecological protection and high-quality development in the zone.The research results showed that 1)the landscape ecosystem of the zone was dominated by grassland and farmland,accounting for about 64%,followed by bare land and shrubbery,accounting for about 20%,and forests,wetlands and deserts accounted for a relatively small proportion.During the study period,both grassland and cultivated land decreased by 150 km^(2),while urban and bare land increased by 212 and 60 km^(2),respectively.2)During the study period,the overall fragmentation of the landscape ecosystem pattern intensified,and the ecosystem integrity declined.The fragmentation of grassland was the most obvious,and the number of patches increased accounted for 97%of the total in the study area.3)The mutual conversion area between the main ecosystem types during the study period was 420.58 km^(2),mainly manifested in the conversion of cultivated land,sparse grassland,and bare land to residential land,industrial,mining and transportation.4)Urbanization was the primary driving factor for the evolution of the landscape ecosystem pattern in the zone,with a contribution rate of 53.38%.Land degradation was the second driving factor with a contribution rate of 31.09%.The contribution rates of agricultural development and ecological protection and restoration were 9.39%and 6.14%,respectively.
作者
陈明霞
巩娟霄
苑煜思
CHEN Ming-xia;GONG Juan-xiao;YUAN Yu-si(Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期10-17,共8页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA688)。
关键词
兰白经济区
城市群
景观生态系统格局
驱动因素
Lanzhou-Baiyin Economic Zone
urban agglomeration
landscape ecosystem pattern
driving factor
