摘要
【目的】为人工实生更新野果林关键树种提供参考。【方法】在新源野果林原生境秋季果实成熟期,分别采集野杏、野生樱桃李、野苹果种子,播种于平地、阴坡和阳坡3种生境类型试验地,次年观测其出苗规律和成苗特性,探究新源野生果树实生更新特征。【结果】3种种子秋播后,均于次年4月中旬开始出苗,至5月上旬时可完成其总出苗数量的80%以上,平地和阴坡的出苗量多于阳坡。平地和阳坡野生樱桃李有较高的成苗率,分别为26.2%、4.2%,也有较高的保存率,分别为87.6%和52.0%;阴坡则为野杏的成苗率和保存率最好,分别为16.2%和82.1%;野苹果在3种试验地的成苗率均小于1%。野杏和野生樱桃李幼苗的生长时期集中在6月中旬—8月中旬,其中,野杏在3种试验地的生长量及生长速率由高到低依次均为平地、阴坡、阳坡,在平地和阴坡野生樱桃李的生长量大于阳坡,野苹果在整个生长季的生长量较少。3种野生果树幼苗的年生物量由高到低依次均为平地、阴坡、阳坡,野杏幼苗生物量间无显著差异。野生樱桃李的生物量在阴坡与阳坡间有显著差异。【结论】原生境秋季播种后,平地和阳坡适宜更新野生樱桃李,阴坡适宜更新野杏,野苹果不适宜秋季播种更新。提高3种野生果树种子的成苗数量是秋季播种更新的关键。
【Objective】To provide reference for artificial regeneration of key tree species of wild fruit forest.【Method】The seeds of wild apricot(Armeniaca vulgaris),wild cherry plum(Prunus divaricata)and wild apple(Malus sieversii)were collected in the original habitat of Xinyuan wild fruit forest in autumn.They were sown in three habitat types:flat land,shady slope and sunny slope.The emergence regularity and seedling characteristics were observed the next year to explore the regeneration characteristics of Xinyuan wild fruit trees.【Result】After autumn sowing,the seedlings of three seeds emerged in the middle of April of the next year,and more than 80%of the total seedlings could be completed by the first ten days of May.The seedlings on flat and shady slopes were more than those on sunny slopes.Wild cherry plum on flat and sunny slope had higher seedling rates,which were 26.2%and 4.2%.They also had higher preservation rates,which were 87.6%and 52.0%.On the shady slope,the seedling rate and preservation rate of wild apricot were the best,which were 16.2%and 82.1%respectively.The seedling rate of wild apple in the three places was less than 1%.The growth period of wild apricot and wild cherry plum were mainly from mid-June to mid-August.Among them,the growth amount and growth rate of wild apricot in the three experimental places was in the order of flat land,shady slope and sunny slope.The growth amount of wild cherry plum on flat ground and shady slope were greater than sunny slope,and the growth amount of wild apple was less in the whole growth season.The annual biomass of three wild fruit tree from high to low was flat ground,shady slope and sunny slope,and there was no significant difference among wild apricot seedlings.The biomass of wild cherry plum was significantly different between shady slope and sunny slope.【Conclusion】After autumn sowing in the original habitat,it is suitable to renew wild cherry plum on flat ground and sunny slope,wild apricot on shady slope and apple in autumn.Increasing the n
作者
程功
刘立强
李炎艳
尤璐瑶
曼苏尔·那斯尔
廖康
CHENG Gong;LIU Liqiang;LI Yanyan;YOU Luyao;Mansur Nasir;LIAO Kang(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Handan 056000,Hebei,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2022年第4期173-181,共9页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501504)
新疆维吾尔自治区园艺学重点学科基金项目(2016-10758-3)。
关键词
野苹果
野杏
野生樱桃李
人工播种
Malus sieversii
Armeniaca vulgaris
Prunus divaricata
artificial seeding
