摘要
目的建立山楂中多种重金属及毒性元素非靶向快速筛查的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法,并评估其风险。方法山楂中药材经微波消解前处理后,采用ICP-MS法非靶向测定方式,选择扫描全谱范围内所有元素,测定重金属及毒性元素的含量。按风险评估的基本步骤,考虑药食同源品种的使用特点,对其中的铝(Al)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、镉(Cd)的风险进行评估。结果山楂中的Pb,Cd,As,Hg,Cu残留量均低于2020年版《中国药典》的限定范围。多元素筛查结果表明,山楂中人体所必需的微量元素铁(Fe)、Mn、锌(Zn)的含量较丰富,分别为70.81~225.45 mg/kg、4.61~11.53 mg/kg、2.80~5.88 mg/kg。风险评估结果表明,山楂中重金属及毒性元素的日暴露量遵从规律Mn>Al>Cu>Ni>Cd>Pb>As;无论药用还是食用,Al,As,Cu,Pb,Mn,Ni,Cd的危害指数(HI)均小于1,致癌性风险均可被接受。结论多元素非靶向快速筛查与风险评估技术相结合的方法能快速确定山楂中重金属及毒性元素的浓度范围及风险,为有效应对中药药害事故提供技术支持。
Objective To establish the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)method for the non-targeted rapid screening of heavy metals and toxic elements in Crataegi Fructus,and to assess their risks.Methods After the Crataegi Fructus was pretreated by the microwave digestion,all the elements in the full spectrum were scanned by the non-targeted determination method of ICP-MS to determine the contents of heavy metals and toxic elements.According to the basic steps of risk assessment,the risks of aluminum(Al),arsenic(As),copper(Cu),lead(Pb),manganese(Mn),nickel(Ni)and cadmium(Cd)in Crataegi Fructus were assessed based on the characteristics of variety with homology of medicine and food.Results The residues of Pb,Cd,As,Hg and Cu in Crataegi Fructus were all lower than the limits in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 Edition).The results of multi-element screening showed that the necessary microelements in the body in Crataegi Fructus such as iron(Fe),Mn and zinc(Zn)were rich,and their contents were 70.81-225.45 mg/kg,4.61-11.53 mg/kg and 2.80-5.88 mg/kg,respectively.The results of risk assessment showed that the heavy metals and toxic elements with the highest daily exposure in Crataegi Fructus was Mn,followed by Al,Cu,Ni,Cd,Pb and As.Whether Crataegi Fructus was used for medicine or food,the hazard index(HI)of Al,As,Cu,Pb,Mn,Ni and Cd was lower than one,and their carcinogenicity risks were acceptable.Conclusion The non-targeted rapid screening for multi-elements combined with risk assessment technology can quickly determine the concentration ranges and risks of heavy metals and toxic elements in Crataegi Fructus,which can provide a technical support for effectively dealing with the accidents caused by traditional Chinese medicine.
作者
左甜甜
孔德娟
金红宇
高飞
康帅
马双成
ZUO Tiantian;KONG Dejuan;JIN Hongyu;GAO Fei;KANG Shuai;MA Shuangcheng(National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing,China 102629;Tongliao Market Detection and Testing Center,Tongliao,Inner Mongolia,China 028000;College of Pharmacy,Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang,Hebei,China 050200)
出处
《中国药业》
CAS
2023年第1期57-60,共4页
China Pharmaceuticals
基金
国家“十三五”重大新药创制课题[2018ZX09735006]
中国食品药品检定研究院中青年基金资助项目[2020A3]。
关键词
山楂
重金属元素
毒性元素
非靶向
快速筛查
风险评估
Crataegi Fructus
heavy metal
toxic element
non-targeted
rapid screening
risk assessment
