摘要
研究再生稻干物质积累与转运特性对深入理解再生稻产量形成的生理机制及进一步挖掘增产潜力有重要的理论与实际意义。本研究以华东南稻区推广的常规籼稻佳辐占和籼粳杂交稻甬优2640两个再生稻品种作为供试材料,在确保2个供试水稻品种的再生季稻和主季稻在籽粒灌浆阶段处于同一晚秋气温条件下抽穗成熟,比较再生季稻及其同期抽穗的主季晚稻的光合生理、激素含量、干物质生产、非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)、13C同化物在植株地上部和地下部的干物质积累与分配差异。结果表明,相比同期抽穗的同基因型主季晚稻,2个供试品种的再生季稻生育期缩短50%,但有效穗数和收获指数分别增加50%和10%,最终产量可达到对照产量的55%~65%;再生季稻在籽粒灌浆前期叶片光合速率和SPAD值均明显增高,但齐穗后20 d至成熟期其光合速率和SPAD值则明显降低;再生季稻株体内的ZR、IAA含量在齐穗期较高,之后相比较低,再生季稻株内的ABA含量在齐穗期至齐穗后10 d或20 d较高,达到10%~20%,而其GA3含量普遍较低;再生季稻稻桩、叶片和茎鞘的NSC转运率高达67%~78%、59%~67%和52%~61%,因此其NSC转运对产量贡献率也分别高达10%~18%;13C光合同化物分配在穗部占比大,成熟期再生季稻穗部的分配率高20.83%,同时,减少了再生季稻13C同化物向地下部的转移量达5%,因而有效穗多,收获指数高。再生季稻减少了光合同化物向根际土壤的转移与分配,既能提高其收获指数,又有利于减少水稻的CH4等温室气体排放量,是一种经济高效益和环境友好型的稻作模式。
It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the dry matter accumulation and translocation properties of ratoon rice for further understanding the physiological mechanism of yield formation and exploring the potential of yield increase.In this study,two rice varieties,Jiafuzhan(conventional indica rice)and Yongyou 2640(indica-japonica hybrid rice),popularly planted in Southeast China,were used as the test materials.The ratooning and main rice crops of the two cultivars were regulated to be heading and ripening in the similar temperature condition of late autumn.Differences of photosynthetic physiology,hormone content,dry matter production,NSC translocation,and13C assimilate in aboveground and underground parts of ratooning rice and its main crop synchronized heading in late season were compared.The results showed that,compared with main crop(late season)synchronized in rice heading time,the growth period of ratooning rice of the two varieties was 50%shorter,but they had 50%increase of effective panicles and 10%increase of harvest indexes,so the final yield could still reach 55%–65%of the control yield;the photosynthetic rate and SPAD value of the ratooning rice at the early stage of grain filling were significantly higher,but they turned to be significantly lower from 20 days after full heading to maturity;the content of ZR and IAA in ratooning rice were higher at the full heading stage,but lower later;the content of ABA in ratooning rice was 10%–20%higher from full heading stage to 10 days or 20 days after full heading,while the content of GA3in ratooning rice was generally lower;NSC translocation rates of stubble,leaf and stem-sheath of the two tested varieties were as high as 67%–78%,59%–67%,and 52%–61%,respectively,and the contribution rate of NSC translocation to yield was also as high as 10%–18%,respectively.The distribution rate of13C photochemical compounds in panicle of ratooning rice at maturity stage was up to 20.83%,and the translocation of13C assimilates to underground p
作者
吴冬青
李洲
郭春林
邹京南
庞孜钦
林非凡
何海斌
林文雄
WU Dong-Qing;LI Zhou;GUO Chun-Lin;ZOU Jing-Nan;PANG Zi-Qin;LIN Fei-Fan;HE Hai-Bin;LIN Wen-Xiong(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Process and Safety Monitoring,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Subtropical Agriculture Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangzhou 363005,Fujian,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Integrated Utilization,Ministry of Education,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期755-771,共17页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300508,2017YFD0301602,2018YFD0301105)
闽台种植资源创制与绿色栽培协调创新中心项目(福建2011项目,2015-75)
福建农林大学科技发展基金项目(KF2015043)资助。
关键词
再生季稻
13C脉冲标记
非结构碳水化合物
干物质积累与分配
ratooning season rice
13C pulse labeling
non-structural carbohydrate
dry matter accumulation and translocation
