摘要
脑卒中后多种原因可导致偏瘫侧膝过伸,影响患者站位平衡及步行功能,导致患者日常生活活动能力降低。过早站立负重、本体感觉障碍、下肢主动肌力弱、股四头肌及小腿三头肌张力过高是膝过伸的主要原因。近年来,对膝过伸患者的治疗主要为膝关节控制训练、膝关节可调式矫形器、踝足矫形器、神经肌肉电刺激、生物肌电反馈、药物治疗、手术治疗等,都具有一定的效果。其中,膝关节控制训练应用比较普遍,效果较好,在条件较落后的地区也容易推广。本文综述了脑卒中偏瘫患者膝过伸的主要原因、规避方案、康复评定标准以及对因治疗方法,以期为脑卒中后偏瘫患者的膝过伸及功能性障碍治疗提供思路。
Post-stroke hemiplegic lateral knee hyperextension is caused by various reasons,affecting standing balance and walking function and reducing the ability to perform activities of daily living.Premature standing weight-bearing,weak active muscles of the lower extremities,hypertonicity of the quadriceps and triceps and proprioceptive disorders are the main causes of knee hyperextension.In recent years,the treatment for patients with knee hyperextension is mainly knee control training,adjustable knee orthoses,ankle-foot orthoses,neuromuscular electrical stimulation,biomuscular feedback,pharmacotherapy and surgery,all of which have certain efficacy.Among them,knee control training is more commonly used and more effective.It is also easy to be promoted in areas with poorer conditions.In this paper,the main causes of knee hyperextension in stroke patients with hemiplegia,avoidance schemes,rehabilitation evaluation criteria and treatment methods are summarized,in order to provide ideas for the treatment of knee hyperextension and functional disorders in stroke patients with hemiplegia.
作者
尹增贱
甘露
YIN Zengjian;GAN Lu(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,the First People’s Hospital of Bijie,Bijie 551700,China)
出处
《河南医学研究》
CAS
2022年第24期4605-4608,共4页
Henan Medical Research
关键词
脑卒中
偏瘫
膝过伸
康复
stroke
hemiplegia
knee hyperextension
rehabilitation
