摘要
为探索四川南部冬水田区杂交中稻-再生稻高产品种的产量穗粒构成,本试验以近年通过国家长江上游区试和四川省区试审定的36个杂交中稻新品种为材料,于2018—2020年在有代表性的江安、富顺、隆昌、泸县、南溪5个生态点,统一采用目前大面积生产应用的杂交中稻蓄留再生稻的高产栽培技术,研究了高产品种的产量形成特点。结果表明,两季产量11000 kg·hm^(-2)以上品种有内5优907、内香优138、内香优103等16个品种。头季稻穗粒性状对其产量影响的多元回归分析F值达显著或极显著水平,对再生稻产量多元回归分析F值极显著(F值为22.18,n=180),且与两季总产量的关系极显著(F值为14.65,n=180)。选择头季稻、再生稻、两季总产分别高于10000 kg·hm^(-2)、4000 kg·hm^(-2)和13500 kg·hm^(-2)的43组高产数据,分析发现再生稻产量与头季稻产量呈极显著负相关关系(y=12161-0.8676x,r=0.5572)。由此可知,大穗型品种表现出头季稻高产、再生力相对较弱的特点,穗数型品种则具有再生力强和两季总产量较高的优势,两季总产量高的头季稻穗粒结构为有效穗数230.72~257.85万·hm^(-2)、穗粒数167.50~194.44粒、结实率78.80%~90.79%、千粒重22.60~29.33 g。本研究结果为川南杂交中稻蓄留再生稻大面积生产的高产品种选择和栽培技术的制定提供了新的科学依据。
To explore the panicle-grain structure of high-yield hybrid rice varieties in the water-logged paddy fields of southern Sichuan,36 new medium hybrid rice varieties were used as materials to study the yield formation characteristics of high-yield varieties from 2018 to 2020.The tested rice varieties had passed national regional trials on the upper reaches of Yangtze River or regional trials in Sichuan Province.This work was conducted at 5 representative ecological sites,such as Jiang’an,Fushun,Longchang,Luxian and Nanxi,and high-yield cultivation techniques for large-scale production of medium hybrid rice and ratooning rice were adopted.The results showed that there are 16 varieties with a yield of more than 11000 kg·hm^(-2)in two seasons,such as Nei5 you 907,Neixiangyou 138,Neixiangyou 103,etc.F value of multiple regression analysis of panicle and grain characters in the first season on its yield reached a significant or extremely significant level.F value of multiple regression analysis of ratooning rice yield was extremely significant(F value=22.18,n=180),and the relationship with the total yield of the two seasons was extremely significant(F value=14.65,n=180).Selecting 43 groups of high-yield data of the main rice,ratooning rice and two seasons with total yield higher than 10000 kg·hm^(-2),4000 kg·hm^(-2)and 13500 kg·hm^(-2),respectively,a very significant negative correlation was found between rationing rice yield and the main rice yield(y=12161-0.8676x,r=0.5572).The big-spike cultivars showed relatively weak regeneration ability and high yield of main crop,while the quantitative spike type varieties had strong regeneration ability and high yield of two seasons.The panicle grain structure of main crop with high total yield in two seasons.The effective panicles were 2.3072~2.5785 million·hm^(-2),the grains per panicle were 167.50~194.44,the seed setting rates were 78.80%~90.79%,and 1000-grain weights were 22.60~29.33 g.The findings provide a new scientific basis for the selection of high-yield varietie
作者
徐富贤
袁驰
王学春
韩冬
廖爽
曾正明
曹厚明
郭晓艺
XU Fuxian;YUAN Chi;WANG Xuechun;HAN Dong;LIAO Shuang;ZENG Zhengming;CAO Houming;GUO Xiaoyi(Rice and Sorghum Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture/Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Deyang,Sichuan 618000;Sichuan Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Neijiang,Sichuan 641000;College of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang,Sichuan 621010;Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yibin,Sichuan 644000;Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Mianyang,Sichuan 621023)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期1849-1859,共11页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
四川省育种攻关专项(2021YFYZ0005)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-25)
国家粮食丰产科技工程(2018YFD0301200)。
关键词
四川南部
冬水田
杂交中稻
再生稻
穗粒结构
southern Sichuan
water-logged paddy fields
medium hybrid rice
ratooning rice
panicle-grain structure
