摘要
随着能源需求增长,煤炭、石油、天然气等化石燃料的大量开采,人为产生的CO_(2)排放量不断升高。如何控制CO_(2)排放、减缓全球变暖速度是亟待解决的难题。钙循环技术利用CaO的碳酸化/煅烧反应实现CO_(2)的捕集,具有成本低、工艺简单、效率高等优点,被认为是具有前景的大规模脱碳技术之一。每年我国会产生大量钙基工业固体废弃物,填埋、露天堆积等不当的处置手段对环境和人体健康造成极大的危害。将钙基工业固废作为CO_(2)吸收剂用于钙循环过程,不仅实现工业固废的资源化利用,还节约石灰石矿资源,进一步降低CO_(2)捕集成本。对钙基工业固废循环捕集CO_(2)的国内外研究现状进行了综述,总结了电石渣、冶炼渣(钢渣、高炉渣)、造纸白泥等工业固废的CO_(2)捕集性能。电石渣、冶炼渣、造纸白泥等工业固废具有一定捕集CO_(2)性能,粉煤灰、铝土矿尾矿等工业固废可作为添加剂提高钙基材料捕集CO_(2)性能。与石灰石相比,电石渣、酸浸取后的冶炼渣和造纸白泥的循环捕集CO_(2)稳定性更好。针对钙基工业固废捕集CO_(2)性能较低的问题,重点介绍了多种提高钙基工业固废捕集CO_(2)性能的方法,主要包括化学改性、添加支撑体/添加剂以及成型造粒等。钙铝酸盐(如Ca_(2)Al_(2)O_(6)、Ca_(12)Al_(14)O_(33)等)和MgO作支撑体能够提高钙基工业固废的捕集CO_(2)性能和循环稳定性,具有工业应用前景。最后,对钙基工业固废捕集CO_(2)的未来研究方向进行了展望。
With the growth of energy demand and surging exploitation of fossil fuels such as coal,petroleum,and natural gas,human-induced CO_(2)emissions have been elevating continuously.How to control CO_(2)emissions and slow down the rate of global warming is a big challenge.With the advantages of low cost,simple process,and high efficiency,a calcium looping technology achieves CO_(2)capture by using the cyclic carbonation/calcination reactions of CaO,which is currently considered to be one of the most promising technologies for a large-scale CO_(2)capture.Lots of calcium-based industrial solid wastes are produced in China annually.Improper disposal ways such as landfill and accumulation in the open-air cause serious damage to the environment and human health.Using some calcium-based industrial solid wastes as CO_(2)sorbents in the calcium looping process can not only realize the utilization of wastes and save the limestone resource,but also reduce the cost of CO_(2)capture.In this study,the current status of research progress on the CO_(2)capture by calcium-based industrial solid wastes was reviewed.The CO_(2)capture performance of calcium-based industrial solid wastes such as carbide slag,smelting slag(steel slag and blast furnace slag),lime mud,etc.was summarized.Coal fly ash and bauxite tailings could be used as additives to improve the CO_(2)capture performance of calcium-based materials.Compared with limestone,carbide slag,smelting slag after acid leaching and lime mud showed a higher cyclic stability in the calcium looping process.Many methods to improve the CO_(2)capture capacities of calcium-based industrial solid wastes were highlighted,involving chemical modification,addition of support/additive,and granulation.Calcium aluminates(Ca_(2)Al_(2)O_(6)、Ca_(12)Al_(14)O_(33),etc.)and MgO were efficient supports,which were promising for industrial applications.In addition,some future research directions for the CO_(2)capture by calcium-based industrial solid wastes were prospected.
作者
赵雯涵
吴水木
李英杰
ZHAO Wenhan;WU Shuimu;LI Yingjie(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;Strategy Research Institute of State Power Investment Corporation,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《煤炭学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期3926-3935,共10页
Journal of China Coal Society
基金
国家自然科学基金联合基金重点资助项目(U22A20435)。
关键词
钙基工业固废
钙循环
化学改性
成型造粒
CO_(2)捕集
碳中和
calcium-based industrial solid waste
calcium looping
chemical modification
granulation
CO_(2)capture
carbon neutrality
