摘要
为研究减施化肥对辣椒生长发育和肥料利用率的影响,为辣椒提质增效和可持续发展提供一定理论依据,以辣椒品种602和金龙一号为试材,采用随机区组试验,设计12个处理,2个品种分别设计CK0为常规施肥、CK为常规施肥+菌肥+黄腐酸肥、JF40%为基肥施用化肥减40%+菌肥+黄腐酸肥、ZF20%为追施高钾肥减20%+菌肥+黄腐酸肥、ZF40%为追施高钾肥减40%+菌肥+黄腐酸肥和KB为不施用任何肥料。结果表明,2个辣椒品种的株高均表现为随着化肥施用量减少呈降低趋势。2个品种茎粗均表现为CK处理大于CK0处理。602 ZF20%处理的SPAD值最高,金龙一号CK处理的SPAD值最高。氮肥利用率、磷肥利用率和肥料偏生产力均以JF40%最高。602 ZF20%处理的产量最高,分别比CK0、CK、JF40%、ZF40%和KB高5.71%、4.01%、2.05%、7.00%和18.34%。金龙一号CK处理的产量较高,分别比CK0、JF40%、ZF20%、ZF40%和KB高5.24%、2.61%、1.65%、7.35%和25.47%。综上所述,在设施辣椒生产中增施生物菌肥和黄腐酸,可减少一定的化肥用量,但综合考虑株高、茎粗、SPAD值、肥料利用率和产量等指标,以减施追肥20%表现较优。
The research aimed to study the effect of chemical fertilizer reduction on the growth and fertilizer utilization rate of pepper,so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality,efficiency and sustainable development of facility pepper.Pepper 602 and Jinlongyihao were used as test materials,12 treatments were designed by randomized block test.CK0 was designed as conventional fertilization in two varieties,CK was bacterial fertilizer under conventional fertilization+microbial fertilizer+fulvic acid fertilizer,JF40%was base fertilizer with chemical fertilizer reduced by 40%+microbial fertilizer+fulvic acid fertilizer,ZF20%was topdressing with water soluble fertilizer reduced by 20%+microbial fertilizer+fulvic acid fertilizer,ZF40%was topdressing with water soluble fertilizer reduced by 40%+microbial fertilizer+fulvic acid fertilizer and KB was no fertilizer.The plant height of pepper varieties 602 and Jinlongyihao showed a downward trend with the decrease of fertilizer.The stem diameter of CK treatment was higher than that of CK0.The SPAD value of pepper 602 was higher in ZF20%treatment,and the SPAD value of pepper Jinlongyihao was higher in CK treatment.The nitrogen use efficiency,phosphorus use efficiency and fertilizer partial productivity of the two varieties were higher in JF40%treatment,and the potassium use efficiency was higher in ZF20%treatment.The yield of pepper 602 was higher in ZF20%treatment than CK0,CK,JF40%,ZF40%and KB by 5.71%,4.01%,2.05%,7.00%and 18.34%,respectively.The yield of Jinlongyihao pepper under CK treatment was higher than that under CK0,JF40%,ZF20%,ZF40%and KB by 5.24%,2.61%,1.65%,7.35%and 25.47%,respectively.In the production of greenhouse pepper,increasing the application of biological fungus fertilizer and fulvic acid could reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer to a certain extent,but considering the plant height,stem diameter,SPAD value,fertilizer utilization rate and yield,it was better to reduce the application of top fertilizer by 20%.
作者
郑剑超
ZHENG Jianchao(Agricultural Science Research Institute of the Twelfth Division of XPCC,Urumqi 830088,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《中国瓜菜》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第12期58-63,共6页
China Cucurbits And Vegetables
基金
新疆生产建设兵团第十二师科技攻关项目(SR2019010)。
关键词
辣椒
菌肥
黄腐酸肥
生长发育
肥料利用率
化肥减施
Pepper
Microbial fertilizer
Fulvic acid fertilizer
Growth and development
Fertilizer utilization rate
Fertilizer reduction
