摘要
秦岭—大巴山是中国重要的南北地理分界线和生态过渡带,建立秦巴山地南北方向上植物种类组成及重要值的详细变化序列和过渡模式,对于深入认识中国南北过渡带的过渡性、复杂性及暖温带与亚热带分界线具有十分重要的科学意义。本文通过野外实地调查获取秦巴山地东、中、西部3条南北穿越样线163个采样点的植被序列数据,分析了物种丰富度、相对重要值及优势种多度的纬向变化,并将亚热带与温带物种相对重要值的差值(SND-RIV)用于表现南北方物种的优势程度,以分析和归纳植物的空间变化模式。结果表明:①东部(三门峡—宜昌)、中部(西安—达州)、西部(天水—广元)亚热带物种丰富度及相对重要值自北向南递增,温带物种自北向南递减。东部温带物种丰富度及相对重要值在神农架和伏牛山由于海拔高度的影响出现两个峰值,中部亚热带物种在大巴山地区最高,西部亚热带物种在陇南以南超过温带物种;②东部南北方物种的交错过渡带最宽,约180 km;中部大约在秦岭南坡至大巴山北坡之间,约100 km;西部交错过渡带偏南,约50~60 km。③东、中、西部山地植物纬向过渡模式和驱动因子有明显差异。东、西部自南向北亚热带物种的减少主要与年均降水量减少有关,年平均气温影响较小;中部年平均气温的作用比湿润指数稍大。本文揭示了秦巴山地东、中、西部植物的南北变化及过渡模式,提升了对中国南北过渡带复杂性和多样性的科学认识。
The Qinling-Daba Mountains constitute the bulk of the north-south transition of China.The transitions and patterns of plant species distribution must be determined to understand the spatial variation and complexity of this region and demarcate the boundary between the warm temperate and subtropical zones of China.We analyzed variations in plant species richness,relative importance value(RIV)and typical species abundance in a north-tosouth direction based on plant community filed survey data.There were 163 sample sites along three north-south transect lines in the eastern,middle,and western Qinling-Daba Mountains.Furthermore,the differences in RIV between subtropical and temperate species(SND-RIV)revealed the dominance of northern and southern plant species and explained spatial vegetation patterns.The results show that:(1)along the eastern(Sanmenxia-Yichang),middle(Xi'an-Dazhou)and western(Tianshui-Guangyuan)transects,the richness and RIV of subtropical plant species increased while those of temperate plant species decreased from north to south.In the eastern transect,temperate plant species richness and RIV were the highest at Shennongjia and Funiu Mountains,respectively,because of the high elevation there.In the middle transect,subtropical plant species richness and RIV were the highest in Daba Mountain.In the western transect,richness and RIV were higher for subtropical compared with temperate plant species in the south of Longnan.(2)In the eastern,middle,and western transects,the crisscross areas of the northern and southern plant species were~180 km,~100 km,and 50-60 km,respectively.(3)The eastern,middle,and western transects differed in terms of their northsouth plant species transition patterns and the factors driving them.Decreases in subtropical plant species from south to north were related to the decreases in annual precipitation in the eastern and western transects.In the middle transect,mean annual temperature had a slightly greater influence on plant species distribution than the moisture index.
作者
刘俊杰
张百平
姚永慧
张兴航
王晶
余付勤
李佳宇
LIU Junjie;ZHANG Baiping;YAO Yonghui;ZHANG Xinghang;WANG Jing;YU Fuqin;LI Jiayu(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Enironmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期2773-2786,共14页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
国家科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100900)。
关键词
中国南北过渡带
秦巴山地
气候分界线
植物纬向变化
过渡模式
latitudinal plants variation
north-south climate dividing line
north-south transitional zone of China
Qinling-Daba Mountains
transitional pattern
